Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is the word and balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water (+light energy) → glucose + oxygen
6CO² + 6H²O → C⁶H¹²O⁶ + 6O²
What are the uses of photosynthesis?
Respiration: to release energy
Making cellulose: to strengthen cell walls
Making amino acids: for protein synthesis
Stored as oil or fats: for storing in seeds
Stored as starch: to be used as an energy reserve for when there is no photosynthesis
Is photosynthesis an endothermic or exothermic reaction?
Endothermic
What are the four limiting factors in photosynthesis?
Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, amount of chlorophyll, temperature
What is the word and balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
C⁶H¹²O⁶ + 6O² → 6CO² + 6H²O
What are the uses of the energy released in respiration?
Growth and repair
Active transport
Movement
Maintaining body temperature
Why do we respire anaerobically?
When we cannot get enough oxygen for our tissues to keep up with the demand of aerobic respiration
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose → lactic acid (+ energy)
Why is anaerobic respiration not preferable to aerobic respiration?
Because the glucose isn’t completely broken down and less energy is released and lactic acid build up is created which needs to be removed later
What is an oxygen debt?
The build up of lactic acid that occurs during anaerobic respiration that requires oxygen to break it down
What is fermentation?
Anaerobic respiration occurring in yeast
What is the word and balanced symbol equation for fermentation?
Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
C⁶H¹²O⁶ → 2C²H⁵OH + 2CO²
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical reactions that happen in a cell or in the body
What are some examples of metabolic reactions?
Formation / breakdown of glycogen
Excess protein is broken down to form urine
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Formation of starch
Formation of cellulose
Formation of protein
Formation of oil and fat
Digestion
What are the factors that can affect someone’s metabolic rate?
Amount of exercise
Genetics
BMI
Gender
Age
