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Biology Paper 1 > Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Bioenergetics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process in which plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and sugar.

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2
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

Chloroplasts

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3
Q

Is photosynthesis exothermic or endothermic and why?

A

Endothermic - requires energy.

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4
Q

What are the 4 factors that affect rate of photosynthesis?

A

Light Intensity

Temperature

Chlorophyll concentration

Carbon dioxide concentration

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5
Q

What are 4 products glucose can be converted into?

A

Protein

Fats/oils

Cellulose

Starch

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6
Q

What is respiration?

A

Exothermic reaction that supplies energy needed by living organisms.

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7
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A

Glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide

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8
Q

What is anaerobic respiration called in yeast cells?

A

Fermentation

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9
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in mammals?

A

Glucose –> lactic acid

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10
Q

When does anaerobic respiration happen in mammals?

A

When not enough oxygen reaches the muscles during intense exercise/activity

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11
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

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12
Q

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

A

C6.H12.O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2. + 6H20.

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13
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Metabolism is all the chemical processes that happen in an organism.

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14
Q

What are the 4 metabolic reactions?

A

Breaking down excess proteins to form urea

Converting glucose

Making lipids

Making amino acids

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15
Q

What are the 4 main responses to increase rate of respiration?

A

Increase in breath volume

Increased heart rate

Increased breathing rate

Blood vessel dilation

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16
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

By-product of anaerobic respiration - toxic and can build up in muscles. Causes pain and fatigue.

17
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

Extra oxygen required after exercise to oxidise lactic acid.

18
Q

If CO2 concentration, light levels and temperature are all at optimum values, what is the limiting factor of photosynthesis and why?

A

Concentration of mineral ions - chlorophyll absorbs light energy and production of it requires mineral ions.

19
Q

What molecules join together to produce starch?

A

Glucose

Biology Paper 1 (4 decks)

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