Bioenergetics Flashcards
What will happen to the rate of photosynthesis if temperature increases (3)
It will increase due to the reaction being controlled by enzymes this trend continues to build up to a certain temperature until the enzymes begin to denature and the rate of reaction decreases.
What happens to photosynthesis of magnesium levels decrease (3)
Chlorophyll which is essential for photosynthesis will be reduced as there is a magnesium deficiency, and magnesium is required to create chlorophyll so photosynthesis would decrease
Practical for measuring the oxygen producing of a plant to calculate the rate of photosynthesis (6)
- Pond weed is placed in test tube full of water. Top is sealed with a bung
-A capillary tube also containing water leads into the test tube, and it is attached to a syringe.
- A lamp is placed at a measure distance from the test tube
As it photosynthesis, oxygen is produced, forming a gas tube in the capillary tube.
The distance the bubble has moved is measured using a ruler to calculate the volume of oxygen produced.
Practical for measuring the oxygen producing of a plant to calculate the rate of photosynthesis
Limiting factors
Light intensity
temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration
Inverse square law
Light intensity = 1/distance^2
5 uses for glucose in plants
- For respiration
- Converted into insoluble starch for storage (in roots. stems or leaves)
-To produce fat or oil for storage (in seeds)
-Combine with nitrates (absorbed from the soil) to form amino acids to produce protiens
Aerobic respiration
Uses oxygen.
It yields the most energy.
Most of the reactions that make up aerobic respiration occur in the mitochondria
Aerobic respiration equation
C6+H12+O6+O2–>CO2+H2O
Anaerobic respiration
Occurs when there is not enough oxygen.
it does not yield as much energy as aerobic respiration.
it is only used a last resort, for example during a sprint where it is difficult to breathe in enough oxygen.
The oxidation of glucose is complete
What happens during exercise and how is it done (6)
More energy is needed for muscles to contract.
this means respiration has to occur faster
therefore more o2 needs to be supplied to cells and more co2 removed.
Increase heart rate
breathing rate
breath volume
What occurs if there is not being enough oxygen supplied when you undertake vigorous exercise.
(6)
Anaerobic respiration takes place instead.
As lactic acid is a byproduct of this reaction, it builds up oxygen debt
This results in muscles tiring and not contracting properly.
Blood flowing through the muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver where it converted back to gluecose
Oxygen debt (2)
Is the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after excise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells.
Metabolism is
The sum of all reactions in a cell or the body.
Energy in the body is used for
Cell division
To maintain constant conditions in cells and the body homeostasis
To move moles against concentration gradients in active transport.
For the transmission of nerve impulses.
