Bioenergetics (1)

Question 1

aerobic respiration-
anaerobic respiration-
anaerobic respiration in yeast-

Answer 1

aerobic respiration- happens in mitochondria, most efficient
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

anaerobic respiration- used when there’s a lack of oxygen and energy needs to be released quickly (during exercise)
glucose -> lactic acid

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
used for fermentation and creating alcohol

Question 2

what is metabolism

Answer 2

the sum of all chemical reactions in the body

Question 3

what is respiration

Answer 3

releasing energy from glucose for creating larger molecules, breaking down molecules, movement and maintaining body temperature

Question 4

what are the effects of exercise on the body

Answer 4

exercise causes you to respire more as you need more energy so breathing rate, stroke volume and heart rate increase

Question 5

oxygen debt
How can lactic acid be broken down (2)

Answer 5

the amount of oxygen needed to react with the harmful lactic acid built up in muscles after anaerobic exercise

lactic acid is broken down into CO2 and water

lactic acid can also be transported to the liver by the blood and can be converted back into glucose

Question 6

word and symbol equation for photosynthesis

Answer 6

carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2

Question 7

uses of glucose in plants

Answer 7

respiration
makes cellulose which strengthens the cell wall
makes amino acids
stored as oils and fats
stored as starch

Question 8

Limiting factors for photosynthesis

Answer 8

light intensity
CO2 concentration
Temperature
Water availability
Chlorophyll concentration

Question 9

rate of photosynthesis RP (pondweed)

Answer 9

1. Set up the apparatus with the pondweed submerged in water, with a non- heat emitting light source at a measured distance away
2. Start the stopwatch and measure the rate of photosynthesis by counting the number of bubbles produced or measuring the volume seeing how much water is displaced in a gas syringe in a given time
3. Repeat the experiment with different variables (e.g., light intensities, temperatures, or CO2 concentrations by using sodium bicarbonate) and record the results.

Question 10

How can greenhouses create optimum growing conditions for gardeners

Answer 10

trap heat- (can use a heater or the sun)
absorb light- (sunlight or artificial light)
Regulate CO2 concentration with ventilation or a paraffin heater
Pest free
Control use of fertilisers