Bioenenergetics Flashcards
What is the equation for glucose
C6H12C6
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Light
Carbon dioxide + water ———> glucose + oxygen
Which is an endothermic reaction.
What are products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen and glucose
What are reactants of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide and water
How have leafs adapted for photosynthesis?
- Big surface area for light to fall on
- thin for easy diffusion
- they contain a lot of chlorophyll to absorb light
- air spaces to allow c d in and o out by diffusion
- guard cells open and close the stomata to regulate gas exchange
What color will the product turn when starch is present?
Blue/black
What is the test for glucose?
Benedict solution (turns from blue to a dark orange)
What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?
Light- the light intensity is the main reactant needed for photosynthesis to take place
Temperature- as the temperature rises the rate of photosynthesis increases
Carbon dioxide concentration- the concentration level is higher in the dark so the higher the concentration the reaction increases as more carbon dioxide is being used
P1 How can we tell when photosynthesis is taking place?
P2 how high does temperature have to be for photosynthesis to stop taking place?
Less light= less bubbles in the water experiment
More light= more bubbles
Around 40-50°C because the enzymes become denatured
What are uses of glucose in plants?
- Starch for storage - converted into insoluble
- Respiration- releases energy + growth
- Making lipids- uses energy to make fats, energy store, respires as it germinates
- Cellulose- for strength
How do greenhouses affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Because the inside of the greenhouse is warm which affects the temperature which speeds up photosynthesis whilst still taking in light from the glass casing
What happens during aerobic respiration?
Glucose reacts with oxygen in the body to create energy, carbon dioxide and water are waste products of this exothermic reaction which occurs in the mitochondria (the site of respiration)
What is the equation of aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
How has muscle tissue adapted for respiration?
The muscle tissue is made up of protein fibres which contain a lot of mitochondria so the muscles can contract. Muscle tissue also contains glucose in the form of carbohydrate glycogen which can convert back to glucose during aerobic respiration
What happens in your body during exercise?
- Your heart rate increases
- Muscles dilate
- increases the supply of glucose and oxygen and increases the rate of carbon dioxide
- The depth of breathing increases/ the rate
- anaerobic respiration begins to take place
What is anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration occurs when not enough oxygen can be supplied to the body (oxygen debt) instead of carbon dioxide being produced as waste products its lactic acid (only in animal cells) the liver is in charge of converting lactic acid back into glucose
What is oxygen debt?
During exercise we tend to be out of breath even after we’ve stopped contracting our muscles, this is because there is still lactic acid left which needs to be converted back into glucose, this process can only be done with oxygen so we need to supply extra oxygen to pay off the oxygen debt, the bigger the debt (the amount of lactic acid) the longer you will pant for which shows how fit or unfit you are
What happens in plants during anaerobic respiration?
Instead of the plants producing lactic acid, instead the glucose produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
Glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
