Biodiversity Indices 3&4 Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A species is?

A

A group consisting of all collected populations of morphologically & genetically similar organisms that can interbreed with one another.

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2
Q

A population is?

A

Consists of all individuals of the same species within an area that show a reproductive isolation from other populations

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3
Q

A biological community is?

A

interacting populations in an area at a certain time.

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4
Q

Whats the diversity-stability hypothesis?

A

Relationship between DIVERSITY and community/ecosystem STABILITY which results in RESILIENCE.

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5
Q

What are the 4 levels of organisation?

A
  • Species
  • Ecosystem
  • Population
  • Community
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6
Q

What is species richness?

A

The measure of the no. of species that occur within a particular taxonomic level in a given region.

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7
Q

What is species diversity?

A

The no. of different species and the relative abundance of each species in a community.

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8
Q

What are the factors that can change local species diversity?

A
  • Speciation
  • Extinction
  • Emigration
  • Immigration
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9
Q

What does diversity represent?

A

The health of an ecosystem

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10
Q

What is latitudinal diversity gradient? (LDG)

A

The increase in species richness towards the tropics in marine, freshwater and terrestrial species.

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11
Q

What are 1&2 of the trends of elevation diversity gradient. (EDG)

A

Decrease in richness with increasing elevation

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12
Q

What are 3&4 of the trends of elevational diversity gradient (EDG)

A

Decreasing with or without a mid-elevation peak.

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13
Q

What are the features of Latitudinal Diversity Gradient?

A
  • Cllimatic
  • Spatial
  • Historical
  • Evolutionary factors
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14
Q

What are the features of Elevational Diversity Gradient

A
  • Climatic
  • Spatial
  • Biological processes
  • Evolutionary factors
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15
Q

What are the measures of biodiversity

A
  • Alpha diversity within habitat
  • Beta diversity
  • Gamma diversity
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16
Q

What can we measure in biodiversity

A
  • Species richness
  • Abundance
  • Diversity (relationship between richness & abundance)
17
Q

What can we measure in biodiversity

A
  • Species richness
  • Abundance
  • Diversity (relationship between richness & abundance)
18
Q

What factors are related to variability in patterns of small scale species richness among communities.

A
  • Geographic factors
  • Biotic factors
  • Abiotic environmental factors
19
Q

What is beta diversity

A

No. of distinct compositional units in the region
no. of different communities in a region

20
Q

What are species richness counts highly sensitive to?

A

The no. of individuals sampled.
- No. samples
- Size of samples
- Special arrangement of samples.

21
Q

What does S represent in Menhinick’s index

A

No. of different species in the sample

22
Q

What does N represent in Menhinick’s index

A

Total no. of individuals in the sample.