biodiversity crisis + human populations

Question 1

human demography

Answer 1

study of characteristics of human populations
- size growth, density, distribution etc

Question 2

human population growth peaks/trends

Answer 2

• maximum growth rate 1971 (2.1%)
• absolute annual increase 1990 (86 million people)
• after 2000, old outnumbered young
• after 2010, urban outnumber rural
• growth of population in ‘lesser developed’ world

Question 3

relationship between birth and death rates

Answer 3

determines population growth
- birth rate decrease follows death rate decrease
- growth won’t stop until both match

Question 4

population growth is highest where _____

Answer 4

biodiversity os highest

-1/5 of world population living in biodiversity hotspots
- population density correlated with species endangerment

Question 5

difference between extinction in the wild and ecologically extinct

Answer 5

ecologically extinct: still present but not abundant enough to substantially interact with other species

Question 6

impact of climate change on biodiversity

Answer 6

• shifting of species distributions
• extinction
• collapse of biological interactions

Question 7

anthropocentric value of biodiversity

Answer 7

• direct value
• passive value
• potential value (information)
• psycho-spiritual

Question 8

pros and cons of urbanization

Answer 8

CONS
- concentration of impact
- strains capacity

CONS
- ability to better address concentration of impact
- economies of scale
- abandoned marginally productive lands