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BIOLOGY > BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION > Flashcards

BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The number of species of ants

A

20,000

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2
Q

The number of species of beetles

A

3,00,000

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3
Q

The number of species of fishes

A

28,000

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4
Q

The number of species of orchids

A

20,000

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5
Q

The term ‘biodiversity’ was ‘popularized’ by_____ and was a sociobiologist

A

Edward wilson

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6
Q

Name the 3 levels diversity

A

a. genetic diversity
b. species diversity
c. ecological diversity

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7
Q

Name the plant that shows genetic diversity based on the potency and concentration of an active chemical (reserpine) and grows in the Himalayas

A

Rauwolfia vomitoria

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8
Q

Rauwolfia vomitoria is used for the cure of ______

A

BP

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9
Q

Name the chemical produced by Rauwolfia vomitoria based on which they show genetic diversity

A

Reserpine

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10
Q

Name the kind of diversity shown by Rauwolfia vomitoria

A

genetic

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11
Q

The number of genetically different strains of rice in India are

A

50,000

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12
Q

The number of genetically different strains of mango in India are

A

1000

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13
Q

western and eastern ghats show what kind of diversity

A

Species diversity

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14
Q

Amongst eastern and western ghats which one has a greater amphibian diversity

A

Western ghats

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15
Q

The total number of plants and animal species described ‘so far’ are ______

A

slightly more than 1.5 million

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16
Q

according to Rober May, the global species diversity’s number is about ______

A

7million

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17
Q

what is the percentage of animals out of all the species recorded

A

70%

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18
Q

what is the percentage of plants out of all species recorded

A

more than 22%

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19
Q

Insects make up how much percentage of total animal percentage

A

70%

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20
Q

India holds how much percentage of the world’s land area

A

2.4%

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21
Q

the percentage of global species diversity that india holds is____

A

8.1%

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22
Q

how many species of PLANTS have been recorded in india

A

45,000

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23
Q

how many species of ANIMALS have been recorded in India

A

twice as much as plant species i.e., 2 x 45,000

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24
Q

If we accept May’s global estimate then how much percentage of total species have been recorded

A

22%

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25
Q

If May’s estimates are applied only to India then, how many species of plants and animals are yet to be discovered?

A

1,00,000 plants and more than 3,00,000 animals

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26
Q

what happens to biodiversity as we move away from the equator

A

it decreases

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27
Q

comparing temperate and tropic region which harbors more diversity

A

tropic

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28
Q

latitude range of tropic region

A

23.5 N to 23.5 S

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29
Q

columbia, being located near the EQUATOR has how many species of birds

A

1,400

30
Q

Co-ordinates of New york ( only north)

A

41 N

31
Q

New york has how many species of birds

A

105 species

32
Q

co-ordinates of greenland (only north)

A

71 N

33
Q

number of bird species in greenland

A

56

34
Q

number of species of birds in India

A

1,200

35
Q

Greatest biodiversity on earth is found in

A

Amazon rain forest

36
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of plant species

A

40,000

37
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of fish species

A

3,000

38
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of birds species

A

1,300

39
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of mammals species

A

427

40
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of amphibian species

A

427

41
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of reptiles species

A

378

42
Q

amazon forest has ______ number of invertebrates species

A

1,25,000

43
Q

the number of INSECT species in rain forests that are yet to be discovered

A

2 million

44
Q

formula for species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa is
what shape is the graph?

A

log S = log C + Z log A
S = species richness
A = area
Z= slope of the line ( regression co-effecient)
C= Y- inetcept
nemonics: ‘S’hut and ‘C’ome here you ‘Z’ebra looking ‘A’nimal

the graph is a rectangular hyperbola

45
Q

the range of Z lies between

A

0.1 to 0.2

46
Q

german naturalist and geographer who observed that species richness increased with increasing explored area

A

Alexander von humboldt

47
Q

what did alexander von humboldt discover

A

species richness increased with increasing explored area

48
Q

who found that plots with more species showed less year-to-year variation in total biomass

A

David Tilman

49
Q

Who gave the ‘ rivet popper hypothesis ‘

A

paul ehrlich

50
Q

paul ehrlich gave which hypothesis

A

rivet (species) popper hypothesis

51
Q

the colonisation of tropical Pacific Islands by humans lead to extinction of how many species of birds

A

2000

52
Q

the ICUN red list records the extinction of how many species in the last 500 years
this includes how many a) vertebrates b)invertebrates c)plants

A

784

53
Q

some recent examples of extinction.
(use for reference and revision)

A

dodo (Mauritius) quagga (africa) thylacine (australia) stellar sea cow (russia) and 3 sub species of tiger (bali, javan, caspian)

54
Q

how many extinctions of species have we experienced in the last 20 years

A

27 species

55
Q

how many species world wide are facing the threat of extinction

A

15,500

56
Q

how much percentage of all bird species are under threat

A

12%

57
Q

how much percentage of all mammal species are under threat

A

23%

58
Q

how much percentage of all amphibians species are under threat

A

32%

59
Q

how much percentage of all gymnosperms species are under threat

A

31%

60
Q

tropical rain forests initially covered how much % of earth

A

14

61
Q

how much % of earths surface do tropical rainforests cover right now?

A

6%

62
Q

the ____ was introduced into lake victoria in the east Africa led to ventual extinction of _____ number of species of ____ fish in the lake

A

nile perch, 200, cichild

63
Q

the introduction of african catfish ____ for aqua culture purposes is posing a threat to catfishes in our rivers

A

clarias gariepinus

64
Q

how much percentage of drugs sold in the markets are plant derivatives

A

24%

65
Q

amazon forest produces how much percentage of world’s o2

A

20%

66
Q

initially how many biodiversity hotspots were found in the past

A

25

67
Q

how many biodiversity hotspots are present now

A

34

68
Q

how many percentage of drugs currently sold in the market are derived from plants

A

25%

69
Q

how many species of plants contribute to the traditional medicines

A

25,000

70
Q

india has how many
biosphere reserves
national parks
wildlife sanctuaries

A

14
90
448

71
Q

CSACRED GROOVES are found where in India?
(reference)

A

khasi and jaintia hills in meghalaya, Aravalli hills of rajasthan, western ghats region of karnataka maharashtra and sarguja, chaanda and bastar area of MP

BIOLOGY (5 decks)

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