Biodiversity And Classifications Of Microorganisms Pt 3

Question 1

Characteristics of viruses

Answer 1

●small and can not be seen with a naked eye

●they are acellular they do not have a nucleus,Cytoplasm or organelles

●a virus consist of a central nucleic acid (DNA OR RNA) surrounded by a protein capsule.

●do not perform any metabolic reactions of living organisms

●varies shapes such as rode,spherical to more complex shapes

●they are parasites,can reproduce inside cells of living organisms

●are pathogens they causes diseases in plants and organisms

●they become dormant when no host

Question 2

Characteristics of Bacteria

Answer 2

●small

●classified in Kingdom monera

●unicellular

● Prokaryots(do not contain membrane bound organelles such as a nucleus, chloroplast or mitochondria.

●the bacterium cell is surrounded by q cell wall or plasma membrane That encloses the Cytoplasm

●in some bacteria the cell wall is surrounded by a slime layer or capsule.

●genetic material concentrated in a chromatic network known as the Nucleoid.

●some bacteria move in liquids by means of a long thread like structure known as the Flagella

●occurs in various shape e.g rod shaped (bacillus),spherical shaped(coccus),spiral shaped(spirillum),and comma shaped(vibrio)

●some bacteria are autotrophic but majority are heterotrophic

●reproduce asexually through binary fusion.

Question 3

Characteristics of protista

Answer 3

●Unicellular e.g amoeba some are multicellular e.g algae

● Eukaryots have a true nucleus

●autotrophic,can photosynthesis because they have chloroplast.

●some are heterotrophic e.g amoeba dependent on organisms for food

●various locomotory structures e.g pseudopodia(amoeba),cilia(paramecium),and Flagella (euglena)

●reproduce mostly asexually and occurs through binary fusion but some produce sexually (some algae)

Question 4

Cell membrane

Answer 4

Allows certain substances to enter or exit the cell

Question 5

Cell wall

Answer 5

●provides support
●protection
●And defence against pathogens

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

Jelly like substance within the cell serving as a medium for chemical reactions and it provides structural support

Question 7

Vacoule

Answer 7

It’s a membrane bound organelles which stores water ,salts and minerals

Question 8

Chloroplast

Answer 8

Organelles found in a plant cell which is responsible for photosynthesis

Question 9

Mitochondria (aka powerhouse of the cell)

Answer 9

Responsible for the generating of energy through cellular respiration
(Glucose is broken down and becomes energy atp)

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Evolved in protein synthesis