Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 11 Lifescience > Biodiversity And Classifications Of Microorganism Prt 2 > Flashcards

Biodiversity And Classifications Of Microorganism Prt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five kingdoms

A

●Kingdom Monera
●Kingdom Protista
●Kindom Animalia
●Kingdom fungi
●Kingdom Plantae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Taxonomist

A

A scientist who is responsible for the placing of an organism within a specific group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Unicellular

A

Is an organism consisting of only one cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism consisting of many cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of organisms found in an area or on earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are viruses not placed in one of the kingdoms

A

That’s because viruses display some non-living and living characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capsid

A

A protein coat surrounding the nuclei material of a virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acellular

A

Means non-cellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Obligate parasite

A

A parasite organism that can not complete its life cycle without exploiting a suitable host(if a obligate parasite can not obtain a host it will fail to reproduce).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Host

A

A organism that Harbour a parasite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pathogenic

A

A organism that causes diseases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bacteriophage

A

A type of virus that infects bacteria…(phage means to eat).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nucleoid

A

An irregularly shaped region within the cell of a Prokaryot that contains all or most of the genetic material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prokaryot

A

An organism where the nuclear material is not enclosed in a membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Eukaryot

A

Any single or multicellular group of organisms that have a membrane bound nucleus containing genetic material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flagellum|Flagella

A

A whip like protuding filaments that help cells or microorganisms move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Autotrophic

A

Animals which can synthesize their own food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Heterotrophic

A

Any organism that sources food from its environment because it cannot make its own food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Saprophytic

A

Plant or fungal microorganisms that feeds on dead or decaying tissues of other organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Binary fission

A

Asexual Reproduction of a single cell in which divides by mitosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Plasmid

A

Is a small circular ,double stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cells chromosomal DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Two types of autotrophic bacteria that can manufacture their own food

A

●Photosynthetic bacteria (which use sunlight energy )

●chemosynthetic bacteria (which get their energy from chemical processes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Three types of heterotrophic bacteria that can not manufacture their own food

A

●Parasitic bacteria - (That obtain their foods from other living organisms)

●Saprotrophic - DECOMPOSERS(they obtain their food from dead animals and plants)

●mutualistic bacteria- (That form a relationship with another organism.Both organisms benefit from the relationship.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aquatic

A

Living in or around water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Phytoplankton

A

Very small plants (algae)that float on or near the surface of the water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Zooplankton

A

Consisting of small animals and the immature stages of larger animals which float on or near the surface if the water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Sessile

A

Organisms that are usually attached to something and can not move on their own but can move through outside sources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

3 types of protists

A

1.PLANT LIKE PROTISTS
●mainly unicellular organisms found in aquatic environments
●most are autotrophic
●free floating aquatic called phytoplankton.

2.ANIMAL LIKE PROTIST
●heterotrophic
●free living unicellular animals living in an aquatic area

3.ALGAE
●multicellular
●microscopic called seaweeds
●contains various Photosynthetic pigment which give them a green ,red or brownish color.
●may be free floating or sessil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Chitin

A

A fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides, which is a major constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Hyphae

A

A network of multi called thread like filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Mycelium

A

A vegetative mass or network of fungi hyphae found in and on soil or organic substances

32
Q

Multi nucleate

A

Cells that have more than one nucleus per cell

33
Q

Rhizoids

A

Threadlike structures that anchor lower plants and fungi to a surface

34
Q

Budding

A

A form-fitting asexual Reproduction which involves the pinching off of offspring from the parent cell the offering cell is genetically identical to the cell

35
Q

Various shapes of Bacteria

A

●Coccus—round shaped
●bacillus—rod shaped
●spirillum—spiral shaped
●vibrio—comma shaped

36
Q

3 types of protists

A

1.phytoplankton -(plant like protista)
2.Zooplankton-(animal like protista)
3.algae

37
Q

Two main decomposers

A

●bacteria
●fungi

38
Q

Decomposers(fungi and bacteria)

A

They break down dead plants and animal remains and return the nutrients to the soil

39
Q

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

A

microorganisms capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen

40
Q

Where are nitrogen fixing bacteria found

A

★Soils
★legumes

41
Q

What does nitrogen fixation do

A

Convert nitrogen gas from air into ammonia or ammonium in soil

42
Q

3 types of symbiosis relationships

A

•mutualism – both organisms benefit e.g. lichens

• commensalism – one species benefits whilst the other does not benefit, nor is it
harmed

• parasitism – one species benefits whilst the other is harmed

43
Q

Relationships between nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants

A

Relationship between nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants
➢ Some nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in special nodules in the roots of legumes.
➢ They produce nitrates for the plant while the plant provides the bacterium with
a habitat, carbohydrates and water.
Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com
19
➢ Both the plant and the bacteria benefit in this relationship. (mutualism)

44
Q

Relationship between E.coli bacteria and humans

A

●E.coli obtains food from humans

●Humans
Decomposes food and synthesizes vitamins B,E and K

45
Q

A protozoan which moves using pseudopodia

46
Q

A protozoan which moves using the flagellum

47
Q

Diseases caused by viruses

A

●HIV
●AIDS

48
Q

Symptoms of HIV

A

●weight
●Sweating
●pneumonia
●Diarrhea

49
Q

The study of viruses

50
Q

Bacterium that causes tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

51
Q

Ways in which HIV is transmissited

A

●blood transfusion
●sexual intercourse
●sharing needles

52
Q

How to avoid HIV

A

●wear gloves when attending a bleeding person

●Use a condom

●practice abstinence

53
Q

Name the vector that spreads malaria

A

Anophelae mosquitoes(only female)

54
Q

Name 3 organs that mycobacyerium tuberculosis attacks

A

●lungs
●kidney
●Brain

55
Q

Effects of TB

A

●extreme tiredness
●loss of appetite and height
●chest pains
●fever and sweating at night
●coughing up blood

56
Q

Plasmodium(protists)

A

Causes the disease malaria

57
Q

Symptoms of malaria

A

●fever
●headache
●sweating,flu like symptoms
●neusea and vomiting

58
Q

Causes of malaria

A

●brains disease
●severe anemia
●kidney failure

59
Q

What microorganisms can manufacture their own food by photosynthesis

A

●autotrophic bacteria
●phytoplankton
●algae

60
Q

Role of Bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

A

• Free living bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia and nitrates.

• Higher plants can only use nitrogen when it is in the form of nitrates, so they
rely on bacteria for the conversion.

• Some plants form special relationships with nitrogen fixing bacteria.

• When plants and animals die, de-nitrifying bacteria return nitrogen to the
atmosphere by a process called denitrification.

61
Q

Symbiosis

A

refers to the living together of two or more species of organism

62
Q

Name the form of nitrogen which higher plants use

64
Q

Describe THREE ways in which nitrogen becomes available to higher
plants.

A

●Fertilization
●Decomposition
●Nitrogen Fixation

65
Q

What is the ecological role of algae A as producers in the ecosystem?

A

As autotrophic organisms, algae convert water and carbon dioxide to sugar through the process of photosynthesis.

66
Q

What is the role of oxygen in maintaining ecological balance

A

Living organisms, including plants, breathe in oxygen and release carbon dioxide during respiration.

67
Q

E.coli

A

Escherichia coli

68
Q

Where do u find e coli

A

E coli lives I the large intestines of humans

69
Q

Two types of immunity

A

• Natural immunity – it is present at birth

• Acquired immunity - develops after exposure to pathogens or after
vaccination/immunisation

70
Q

Passive response

A

Plants use passive response to prevent pathogens from entering

71
Q

Active response

A

Plants use active response to fight pathogens when infected

72
Q

Vaccination

A

Vaccinations or immunisation is the process of giving a vaccine either by
injection or orally (by mouth) to prevent disease.

• The antibodies stay in the blood and give long lasting protection against
disease. e.g. vaccination of corona Virus to prevent COVID-19

73
Q

Biotechnology

A

It is the use of micro-organisms to make products which are useful to humans.
These include medicines such as antibiotics and insulin and foods such as
maas (fermented milk), bread, wine/beer and cheese

74
Q

Antibiotics

A

THE USE OF DRUGS TO FIGHT INFECTING MICRO-ORGANISMS

●Antibiotics - are drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria.

  • cannot fight infections caused by viruses.
  • Example of antibiotic is penicillin which is produced from fungus
    called Penicillium

Grade 11 Lifescience (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions