Biodiversity And Classification Of microorganisms

Question 1

Karyote

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Obligate intracellular parasite

Answer 2

Can only survive inside cells of living organisms

Question 3

Extremophile

Answer 3

Lover of extremes

Question 4

Peptidoglycan

Answer 4

Mixture of polysaccharide and amino acids

Question 5

Flagella

Answer 5

Tendril-like outgrowths

Question 6

Cilia

Answer 6

Hair-like structures

Question 7

Sessile

Answer 7

Fixed to one point

Question 8

Dinoflagellates

Answer 8

2 flagella bacteria

Question 9

Protozoan

Answer 9

First animal

Question 10

Pseudopodia

Answer 10

False feet

Question 11

Plankton

Answer 11

Numerous microorganisms floating in currents of the open ocean

Question 12

Taxonomist

Answer 12

A person who classifies organisms into groups based on shared features

Question 13

Extracellular digestion

Answer 13

Use digestive enzymes to break down organic matter into a form they can absorb

Question 14

Saprotrophic

Answer 14

Feeding on dead organisms and decaying organic matter

Question 15

Hyphae

Answer 15

Mass of branched filaments enclosed by a rigid cell wall

Question 16

Detritivores

Answer 16

An organism that uses organic waste as a food source (e.g. Some insects)

Question 17

Human flora

Answer 17

Microorganisms (bacteria/ fungi) that live in the human body

• some useful
• majority = no beneficial effect/ harm

Question 18

Viral load

Answer 18

Amount of HIV in a person’s blood

Question 19

Cultivar

Answer 19

Plant variety produced by breeding

Question 20

Virulent

Answer 20

Actively poisonous

Question 21

Vector

Answer 21

Animal that carries a pathogen

Question 22

Necrotic

Answer 22

Dying

Question 23

MDR-TB

Answer 23

Organism resistant to 2 first line drugs

Question 24

XDR-TB

Answer 24

Extremely drug resistant

- resistant to 3 or more 2nd line treatment drugs

Question 25

Debilitating

Answer 25

To make weak or feeble

Question 26

Anaemia

Answer 26

Destruction of red blood cells

Question 27

ITN

Answer 27

Insect treated nets

Question 28

Haustoria

Answer 28

Root-like structures

Question 29

Topical

Answer 29

Applied directly to body’s surface

Question 30

Keratin

Answer 30

Dead outermost layer of skin

Question 31

Antigen

Answer 31

A protein/ layer polysaccharide molecule in the coat of a virus or a bacterium which causes B lymphocytes to make antibodies

Question 32

Antibody

Answer 32

A protein made by B lymphocytes that destroys or neutralizes a germ

Question 33

Phagocyte

Answer 33

Cell that eats

Question 34

Phagocytosis

Answer 34

Phagocyte surrounds germ when in contact

- phagocyte engulfs pathogen

Question 35

Vaccination (immunization)

Answer 35

The process of giving a vaccine to a person by injection or orally, to make them immune to a disease

Question 36

Vaccine

Answer 36

Suspension of dead, weakened or fragmented microorganisms, or their toxins, that will stimulate the production of antibodies by the B lymphocytes (antibody cells), which will cause immunity.

Question 37

Artificially acquired immunity

Answer 37

Uses vaccination

- most antibodies stay in blood giving long-lasting protection against the disease

Question 38

Drug

Answer 38

Chemical substance used in treatment, cure or prevention of a disease/ disorder.

Question 39

Antibiotic

Answer 39

Drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria

Question 40

Super bug

Answer 40

Bacteria resistant to almost all known antibiotics

Question 41

Pro

Answer 41

Before