Biodiversity

Question 1

What is biodiversity?

Answer 1

The range of animals and plants in a given area

Question 2

What is conservation?

Answer 2

Helping to maintain the range of biodiversity in a given area

Question 3

What does it mean if a species is endangered?

Answer 3

The species is at risk of becoming extinct, due to their low numbers

Question 4

What is deforestation?

Answer 4

Cutting down trees in an area

Question 5

What is reforestation?

Answer 5

Replanting trees in an area to replace ones which have been destroyed

Question 6

What is an indigenous species?

Answer 6

One which is native to an area

Question 7

What is a non-indigenous species?

Answer 7

One which is not native but has been introduced by humans

Question 8

Why is biodiversity important?

Answer 8

Living things provide us with resources such as medicines, food and building materials. Biodiverse habitats attract tourists which bring money to areas. Biodiverse environments are important for human happiness and well-being

Question 9

Why does reforestation increase biodiversity?

Answer 9

The trees improve the quality of the soil and provide resources for animals.

Question 10

What is an invasive species?

Answer 10

An introduced species which causes problems for local species.

Question 11

What effect do invasive species have on biodiversity?

Answer 11

Decreases biodiversity

Question 12

How can humans protect biodiversity

Answer 12

Banning hunting and poaching, removing invasive species, reforestation, using nature reserves, captive breeding programmes

Question 13

What is overfishing?

Answer 13

When too many fish are fished from the water

Question 14

What is fish farming?

Answer 14

when fish are grown in captive environments for human consumption

Question 15

Which type of pollutant causes eutrophication?

Answer 15

fertilizers

Question 16

Which types of habitats are affected by eutrophication?

Answer 16

aquatic (water)

Question 17

What happens during eutrophication?

Answer 17

Eutrophication causes plants in the water to grow. These plants block out the sun, meaning plants lower down in the water die. As these are broken down by bacteria, the bacteria take oxygen from the water. Animals in the water therefore do not get the oxygen they need for respiration and also die.

Question 18

What is an indicator species?

Answer 18

A species whose presence of abundance in an environment provides information about the level of pollution

Question 19

Which indicator species are associated with clean water?

Answer 19

freshwater shrimps, stonefly

Question 20

Which indicator species are associated with polluted water?

Answer 20

bloodworm, sludgeworm

Question 21

Which species can be used to give information about air quality?

Answer 21

lichens, black-spot fungus

Question 22

What is food security?

Answer 22

A measure of the availability of food in a specific area, if it is of a suitable quality and whether people can access it.

Question 23

What effect does increasing population size have on food security?

Answer 23

More food is needed for a larger population, meaning food supplies might not be large enough

Question 24

What effect does increased meat and fish consumption have on food security?

Answer 24

Meat and dairy products require large amounts of land to grow. The animals need resources. This can have a high impact on the environment for little energy gain in food

Question 25

What effects can pathogens and pests have on food secuirty?

Answer 25

Intensive farming means a higher chance of diseases spreading. Invasive species can damage crops

Question 26

What effects can climate change have on food security?

Answer 26

Climate change leads to an increase in extreme weathers which can cause droughts and flooding, leading to loss of crops

Question 27

What effects do producing biofuels have on food security?

Answer 27

Biofuels are grown on land which could be used for crops. More biofuels means less space for crops