Biodiversity

Question 1

cocci < bac type

Answer 1

sphere shaped

Question 2

bacilli < bac type

Answer 2

rod shaped

Question 3

spirochete < bac type

Answer 3

spiral shaped

Question 4

gram positive < bacteria cell wall

Answer 4

• thick cell wall

* stains purple

Question 5

gram negative < bacteria cell wall

Answer 5

• thin cell wall

* stains pink

Question 6

what is bacterial cell wall made of

Answer 6

peptidogylan

Question 7

describe methanogens the archaea type

Answer 7

• live in anaerobic environments, ex. cow and human guts, rice paddy fields
• make methane from inorganic molecules to feed itself

Question 8

thermophile

Answer 8

• live in hot and often acidic environments ex. deep sea thermal vents, hot springs

Question 9

halophiles

Answer 9

• live in salty environments e.g. dead sea, salt lakes

Question 10

photoautotroph

Answer 10

• photosynthetic

* carbon + light energy = organic material to feed self

Question 11

chemoautotroph

Answer 11

• carbon + chemical material = organic material to feed self

Question 12

chemoheterotroph

Answer 12

• organic material + organic material = organic material to feed self

Question 13

transformation

Answer 13

• naked DNA taken in from lysed bacteria

Question 14

transduction

Answer 14

• virus transfers naked DNA from lysed bacteria

Question 15

conjugation

Answer 15

• direct transfer of DNA through sex pilus

Question 16

what are the similarities between archaea and bacteria

Answer 16

• unicellular
• asexual
• prokaryotic
• both have a circular chromosome
• both carry through with transduction, conjugation. transformation, and binary fission

Question 17

what makes archaea and bacteria different

Answer 17

• bacteria have cell wall made of peptidogylan while archaea have cell wall of other materials
• bacteria have plasmids, archaea do not
• archaea are extremophiles, bacteria are not