Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Topic 3: Classification and Biodiversity > Biodiversity > Flashcards

Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

what is biodiversity ?

A
  1. number of different ecosystems
  2. number of different species
  3. number of individuals in each species
  4. genetic variation within each species, present in an area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

species richness - define

A

total number of species within a given area or community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how can the diversity of species be measured

A

using the simpson diversity index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

simpson diversity index

A

diversity = N( N - 1) / En( n - 1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is diversity measured in ?

A

index of diversity
- n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in the Simpson diversity index, what does N stand for ?

A

the total number of organisms of all species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the E, in the Simpson diversity index, stand for ?

A

sum of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in the Simpson diversity index, what does n stand for ?

A

total number of organisms of each individual species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where are all the alleles of genes located in ?

A

reproductive cells of those individuals
- they make up a gene pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the bigger the gene pool, …

A

more genetically diverse species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is interbreeding ?

A

closely related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does interbreeding lead to ?

A

homozygosity - at more and more of the will be identical alleles- less variation in the population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

issues of homozygosity - 2

A

change in the environment - species less able to adapt
genetic fitness of the population is comprised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does rainforests provide ?

A

habitats to almost 50% of all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

state ecological reasons why we conserve the rainforest ecosystem ?

A
  • high majority of species are distributed on the surface of earth
  • destroying rainforests destroys plants and the organisms that depend of them
  • new organisms are still being found
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

state economic reasons why we conserve the rainforest ecosystem ?

A
  • when species are extinct - genes are lost - decrease in genetic heritage if destruction occurs
  • trees are CO2 sinks
  • cleared for crops - soil will not sustain continued crop growing
  • harwood timber - cleared forest is a lost source of timber
17
Q

state aesthetic reasons why we conserve the rainforest ecosystem ?

A
  • beautiful and inspirational places
  • inheritance of future generations
18
Q

state ethical reasons why we conserve the rainforest ecosystem ?

A
  • biome is a home for rainforest people
  • many higher mammals live exclusively in these habitats
19
Q

what is the aim of practical conservations ?

A

preserve and promote habitats and wildfire

20
Q

what are the two types of conservations ?

A

in - situ conservation
ex- situ conservation

21
Q

what is in - situ conservation ?

A

conservation of natural habitat and ecosystems

22
Q

what does in - situ conservation include ?

A

biosphere, national parks and wildfire sanctuaries

23
Q

active management of nature reserves - 4

A
  1. monitored - allow early change to be taken
  2. protected for unwanted human activity logging or poaching
  3. needs to be big enough for a range of species to be conserved
  4. not isolated from other reserves
24
Q

what is ex - situ conservation ?

A

zoological gardens and their captive breeding programmes

25
Q

what are the three main roles in conservations ?

A

education
scientific research
captive breeding programme

26
Q

what is education in conservation ?

A
  • illegal trade
  • need for biodiversity and prevent interbreeding
27
Q

what is scientific research in conservations ?

A
  • control of diseases
  • behaviour - improved animal husbandry
  • techniques to improve breeding
28
Q

what is captive breeding programmes in conservations ?

A
  • increase number of animals at risk of extinction
  • release animals into the wild
  • maintain genetic diversity
29
Q

how do you maintain genetic diversity in a zoo ?

A

seed banks

30
Q

what is genetic drift ?

A

in a small population some of the alleles may not get passed on purely by chance

31
Q

why is it better to store than whole plants ? - adv

A
  • takes up less space
    -easier to store
    -more cost effective
32
Q

why is it better to store than whole plants ? - dis

A
  • taking plant sampled could damage the wild population
33
Q

how does seed banks work ? - 7

A
  1. collect the seeds
  2. X - ray the seeds
  3. dry the seeds
  4. pack the seeds
  5. store the seeds
  6. check germination
  7. re storage

Topic 3: Classification and Biodiversity (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions