biochemistry (week 4)

Question 1

What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 2

True or False: Enzymes are a type of lipid.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The primary energy carrier in cells is __________.

Answer 3

ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Question 4

What is the basic building block of proteins?

Answer 4

Amino acids.

Question 5

Which macromolecule serves as the genetic material in cells?

Answer 5

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).

Question 6

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a carbohydrate? A) Glucose B) Testosterone C) Hemoglobin

Answer 6

A) Glucose.

Question 7

What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?

Answer 7

Peptide bonds.

Question 8

True or False: Lipids are soluble in water.

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

Answer 9

DNA and RNA.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: __________ are molecules that speed up chemical reactions in cells.

Answer 10

Enzymes.

Question 11

What is the function of carbohydrates in cells?

Answer 11

They provide energy and structural support.

Question 12

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A) Catalyzing reactions B) Storing genetic information C) Providing structural support

Answer 12

B) Storing genetic information.

Question 13

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Answer 13

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 14

True or False: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The process by which cells convert glucose into energy is called __________.

Answer 15

Cellular respiration.

Question 16

What are enzymes made of?

Answer 16

Proteins.

Question 17

Multiple choice: Which type of lipid is primarily used for energy storage? A) Phospholipids B) Steroids C) Triglycerides

Answer 17

C) Triglycerides.

Question 18

What is the primary role of RNA in cells?

Answer 18

To serve as a template for protein synthesis.

Question 19

True or False: All enzymes are proteins.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: __________ are large biomolecules that are essential for the structure and function of cells.

Answer 20

Macromolecules.

Question 21

What is the role of ribosomes in cells?

Answer 21

They synthesize proteins.

Question 22

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a function of lipids? A) Energy storage B) Genetic information C) Transporting oxygen

Answer 22

A) Energy storage.

Question 23

What type of reaction do enzymes catalyze?

Answer 23

Chemical reactions.

Question 24

True or False: All carbohydrates are sugars.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its __________.

Answer 25

Structure and function.

Question 26

What is the term for a molecule that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity?

Answer 26

Inhibitor.

Question 27

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a simple sugar? A) Sucrose B) Cellulose C) Fructose

Answer 27

C) Fructose.

Question 28

What is the role of cholesterol in cell membranes?

Answer 28

To maintain membrane fluidity and stability.

Question 29

True or False: DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The process of building proteins from amino acids is called __________.

Answer 30

Translation.

Question 31

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Answer 31

A nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.

Question 32

Multiple choice: Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for catalyzing metabolic reactions? A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) Nucleic acids

Answer 32

B) Proteins.