Biochemistry Vocab

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

A solution with a pH less than 7

Question 2

Active Site

Answer 2

Area on enzyme where the substrate binds

Question 3

Amino Acids

Answer 3

Building blocks of proteins

Question 4

Base

Answer 4

A solution with a pH higher than 7

Question 5

Carbohydrate

Answer 5

An organic compound; another name for sugars

Question 6

Catalyst

Answer 6

Another word for enzyme because they can be used over and over again to fasten a reaction

Question 7

Cellulose

Answer 7

Polysaccharid that makes up the structure in plants (cell wall)

Question 8

Chitin

Answer 8

Polysaccharid that makes up the structure in animals (exoskeleton)

Question 9

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 9

Takes two smaller molecules to become one by taking away water

Question 10

Denature

Answer 10

When an enzyme changes shape and no longer works (due to temperature or pH change)

Question 11

Disaccharide

Answer 11

Two sugar carbohydrates

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

Deoxyribose acid

Question 13

Enzyme

Answer 13

A protein that helps reactions to go faster and for chemical reactions to occur

Question 14

Enzyme Substrate Complex

Answer 14

When the enzyme and substrate are bound together

Question 15

Fatty Acids

Answer 15

1/2 Building Block of a Lipid

Question 16

Glycerol

Answer 16

2/2 Building Block of a Lipid

Question 17

Glycogen

Answer 17

A polysaccharid that is stored sugar in animals

Question 18

Hydrolysis

Answer 18

Breaking a large molecule into smaller molecules with water

Question 19

Indicator

Answer 19

A chemical that indicates the presence of a specific substance.

Question 20

Inorganic Compound

Answer 20

A compound that does not contain all C, H, and O (hydrogen is what really makes it organic)

Question 21

Lipids

Answer 21

aka fats are an organic compound

Question 22

Monosaccharide

Answer 22

Also known as simple sugars, are the building blocks of carbohydrates

Question 23

Neutral

Answer 23

a solution with a pH of 7

Question 24

Nitrogen Base

Answer 24

a part of a nucleotide; there are 4 bases A, T, C, G

Question 25

Nucleic Acids

Answer 25

An organic compound

Question 26

Nucleotide

Answer 26

The building blocks of Nucleic Acids

Question 27

Optimum

Answer 27

The best environment for an enzyme so it can perform its best. For example, optimum pH or optimum temperature.

Question 28

Organic Compound

Answer 28

A compound that contains C, H, and O

Question 29

pH

Answer 29

The measure of how acidic or basic a solution is

Question 30

Polymer

Answer 30

A long chain of repeating units. For example, long chain of monosaccharides units makes starch, long chain of nucleotides makes DNA

Question 31

Polysaccharide

Answer 31

many sugar carbohydrates

Question 32

Products

Answer 32

The end product of a chemical reaction

Question 33

Proteins

Answer 33

Are organic compound (like enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and muscle)

Question 34

Reactants

Answer 34

The starting product of a chemical reaction

Question 35

RNA

Answer 35

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 36

Starch

Answer 36

Polysaccharide stored sugar in plants

Question 37

Substrate

Answer 37

The molecule that an enzyme acts upon