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Living Environment 23-24 > Biochemistry Vocab > Flashcards

Biochemistry Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Acid

A

A solution with a pH less than 7

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2
Q

Active Site

A

Area on enzyme where the substrate binds

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3
Q

Amino Acids

A

Building blocks of proteins

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4
Q

Base

A

A solution with a pH higher than 7

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5
Q

Carbohydrate

A

An organic compound; another name for sugars

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6
Q

Catalyst

A

Another word for enzyme because they can be used over and over again to fasten a reaction

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7
Q

Cellulose

A

Polysaccharid that makes up the structure in plants (cell wall)

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8
Q

Chitin

A

Polysaccharid that makes up the structure in animals (exoskeleton)

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9
Q

Dehydration Synthesis

A

Takes two smaller molecules to become one by taking away water

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10
Q

Denature

A

When an enzyme changes shape and no longer works (due to temperature or pH change)

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11
Q

Disaccharide

A

Two sugar carbohydrates

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12
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribose acid

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13
Q

Enzyme

A

A protein that helps reactions to go faster and for chemical reactions to occur

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14
Q

Enzyme Substrate Complex

A

When the enzyme and substrate are bound together

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15
Q

Fatty Acids

A

1/2 Building Block of a Lipid

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16
Q

Glycerol

A

2/2 Building Block of a Lipid

17
Q

Glycogen

A

A polysaccharid that is stored sugar in animals

18
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking a large molecule into smaller molecules with water

19
Q

Indicator

A

A chemical that indicates the presence of a specific substance.

20
Q

Inorganic Compound

A

A compound that does not contain all C, H, and O (hydrogen is what really makes it organic)

21
Q

Lipids

A

aka fats are an organic compound

22
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Also known as simple sugars, are the building blocks of carbohydrates

23
Q

Neutral

A

a solution with a pH of 7

24
Q

Nitrogen Base

A

a part of a nucleotide; there are 4 bases A, T, C, G

25
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

An organic compound

26
Q

Nucleotide

A

The building blocks of Nucleic Acids

27
Q

Optimum

A

The best environment for an enzyme so it can perform its best. For example, optimum pH or optimum temperature.

28
Q

Organic Compound

A

A compound that contains C, H, and O

29
Q

pH

A

The measure of how acidic or basic a solution is

30
Q

Polymer

A

A long chain of repeating units. For example, long chain of monosaccharides units makes starch, long chain of nucleotides makes DNA

31
Q

Polysaccharide

A

many sugar carbohydrates

32
Q

Products

A

The end product of a chemical reaction

33
Q

Proteins

A

Are organic compound (like enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and muscle)

34
Q

Reactants

A

The starting product of a chemical reaction

35
Q

RNA

A

Ribonucleic Acid

36
Q

Starch

A

Polysaccharide stored sugar in plants

37
Q

Substrate

A

The molecule that an enzyme acts upon

Living Environment 23-24 (2 decks)

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