Biochemistry objectives

Question 0

Describe the difference between an ionic and covalent bond.

Answer 0

An ionic bond is when an atom completely gives an electron to another atom marketing them positive and negatively charged, causing them to be connected to each other. On the other hand a covalent bond is when two atoms share electrons to complete their outermost electron shell.

Question 1

Describe the structure of an atom

Answer 1

In the nucleus there is protons and neutrons and swirling around it is electrons. Sometimes there will be more or less electrons in two atoms of the same kind.

Question 2

How do you tell how many electrons an atom needs?

Answer 2

You use columns and rows to see weather or not they need to get or get rid of electrons.

Question 3

Draw C4H10

Answer 3

H.     H.   H.      H
         |       |       |        |
   H - C -  C  -  C  -   C   -  H
         |.      |.       |.       |
        H.     H.     H.     H

Question 4

Describe the difference between an acid and a base.

Answer 4

While a base is a solution with more OH+s than H-s, a acid is the opposite.

Question 5

Describe the pH scale.

Answer 5

A higher number on the pH scale is a base while a lower number is an acid. The neutral position is seven and each number up and down has a x10 affect on it’s OH+ and H-.

Question 6

Define and recognize the subunit of proteins.

Answer 6

Amino acids are the functional group in proteins. They act like acids, they normally form three dimensional rings.

Question 7

Describe and recognize the subunit of lipids.

Answer 7

The functional group of lipids are fatty acids. You can tell them apart because they have long C/H chains.

Question 8

Describe and recognize the subunit of carbohydrates.

Answer 8

In carbohydrates the functional group is monosaccharides. These are sugars and they usually end in ose.

Question 9

Describe dehydration synthesis.

Answer 9

It is the breakdown of materials to original organic compounds and water.

Question 10

Describe hydrolysis.

Answer 10

Hydrolysis is the act of putting together organic compounds and water to create something new.

Question 11

Name the three functional groups of organic compounds.

Answer 11

Proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.

Question 12

In the Benedict test what are we testing for?

Answer 12

Simple sugars.

Question 13

In the burnet test what are we testing for?

Answer 13

We are testing for proteins.

Question 14

In the Sudan III test what are we testing for?

Answer 14

We are testing for lipids.

Question 15

In the iodine test what are we testing for?

Answer 15

Starches

Question 16

What color does the Benedict test turn when it is positive?

Answer 16

It turns orange.

Question 17

What color does the iodine test turn when it is positive?

Answer 17

It turns blue.

Question 18

What color does the Sudan III test turn when it is positive?

Answer 18

It doesn’t change it just has a red layer.

Question 19

What color does the burnet test turn into when it is positive?

Answer 19

It turns violet.

Question 20

How does an enzyme reduce activation energy of a reaction?

Answer 20

It puts stress on the bonds so it takes less energy to break.

Question 21

Describe the properties of an enzyme.

Answer 21

An enzyme has a specific reaction and substrate that it works on and will speed up the rate of reaction when combined with that substrate.

Question 22

What affects enzymatic reactions?

Answer 22

Temperature, pH, and amount affect the rate of enzymatic reactions.

Question 23

What is the function of lipids in your body.

Answer 23

Long term energy storage.

Question 24

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 24

The function of proteins are for reactions in your body.

Question 25

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Answer 25

The function is short term energy storage.