Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOCHEMISTRY > BIOCHEMISTRY- Laboratory Techniques > Flashcards

BIOCHEMISTRY- Laboratory Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the fundament for the polymerase chain Reaction?

A

Molecular biology laboratory procedure used to amplify a desired fragment of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which are the three steps for the PCR in order to amplify DNA?

A

Denaturation
Annealing
Elongation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens during DNA Denaturarion?

A

DNA is denatured by heating to generate 2 separate strands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In this phase of PCR, during cooling, excess premade DNA primers anneal to a specific sequence on each strand to be amplified

A

Annealing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In the Polymerase Chain Reaction, what happens during the elongation phase?

A

Heat-stable DNA polymerase replicates the DNA sequence following each primer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE… In the PCR the three steps are repeated just once

A

False, they´re repeated multiple times for DNA sequence amplification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the use for aagarose gel electrophoresis?

A

Used for size separation of PCR products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which are the Blotting procedures?

A

Southern Blot
Northern blot
Western Blot
Southwestern Blot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does Southern blot studies?

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which is the process followed for DNA studies in Southern blot?

A

DNA sample is enzymatically cleaved into smaller pieces, electrophoresed on a gel, and then transferred to a filter. In the filter the DNA is denaturant and anneals to its complementary strand. The resulting double stranded is visualized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For what is useful the Northern blot?

A

RNA is electrophoresed

useful for studying mRNA levels which are reflective of gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is studied with Western blot?

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is used to bind to relevant proteins in Western blot?

A

Labeled antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What importance does a Western blot test has in a certain disease?

A

Confirmatory test for HIV after + ELISA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

So… Southwestern blot, what does it identifies?

A

DNA-binding proteins using labeled oligonucleotide probes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

This laboratory test is able to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs)

A

Microarrays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does ELISA laboratory test means?

A

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the main purpose of ELISA?

A

Used to detect the presence of either a specific antigen or a specific antibody in a patient´s blood sample

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does Direct ELISA detects?

A

antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This ELISA test detects the antybody

A

Indirect ELISA

21
Q

Direct or Indirect ELISA test… uses a test antigen to see if a specific antibody is present in the patient blood

A

Indirect ELISA

22
Q

Direct or Indirect ELISA test… uses a test antibody to see if a specific antigen is present in the patient blood

A

Direct ELISA

23
Q

After the first step in ELISA, whats next?

A

A secondary antibody coupled to a color generating enzyme is added to detect either the antigen or the antibody depending if it is Direct or Indirect ELISA

24
Q

If the target substance is present in the sample, what are expecting to see?

A

Intense color reaction

25
Q

In HIV, what are we looking with ELISA… the antigen or the antibody?

A

Antibody… Anti-HIV

26
Q

For ELISA, how is the sensitivity and specifity?

A

Close to 100%, but both false positive and false negative can occur

27
Q

When there is a deletion too small to be visualized by karyotype, which test will you use?

A

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

28
Q

What is the fundament for the fluorescence in situ hybridization?

A

Fluorescent DNA or RNA probe bind to specific gene site of interest on chromosomes

29
Q

For what is useful the flourescence in situ hybriduzation?

A

Used for specific localization of genes and direct visulization of anomalies Microdeletions

30
Q

What are the cloning methods?

A

Cloning is the production of a recombinant DNA molecule that is self perpetuating

31
Q

Which are the Steps for the cloning method?

A
  1. Isolate eukaryotic mRNA of interest
  2. Expose mRNA to reverse transcriptase to produce cDNA (lacks introns)
  3. Insert cDNA fragments into bacterial plasmids containing antibiotic resistance genes
  4. Transform recombinant plasmid into bacteria
  5. Surviving bacteria on antibiotic medium produce cDNA
32
Q

What is a Gene expresion modification?

A

For example, Transgenic strategies in mice involving removing or inserting a gene

33
Q

In the Gene expression modification, what is a cre-lox modification?

A

Can inducibly manipulate genes at specific developmental points

34
Q

In the Gene expression modification, what is RNA interference?

A

It´s knocking out or removing a gene

35
Q

Its a process in which methaphase chromosomes are stained, oredered, and numbered acording to morphology, size, arm-lenght ratio, and banding pattern

A

Karyotyping

36
Q

From where do we take the samples to do a Karyotyping

A

Sample of blood, bone marrow, amniotic fluid or placental tissue

37
Q

What diagnosis use does the karyotype has?

A

Chromosomal imbalances (autosomal trisomie, sex chromosomes disorders)

38
Q

What does Southern Blot study?

A

DNA using DNA probe in Elecrophoresis

39
Q

What is analized with Northern Blot?

A

RNA using DNA probe in elecrophoresis

40
Q

What is analized with Western Blot?

A

Proteins using 123 I- or enxyme linked antibody

41
Q

What is analized with Dot (slot) blot?

A

RNA , DNA or protein

NO ELECROPHORESIS

42
Q

Its purpose is to determine which restriction fragment of DNA is associated with a particular gene

A

Southern Blot

43
Q

Its purpose is to measure size and amounts of specific mRNA molecules to answer questions about gene expression

A

Northern blot

44
Q

Its purpose is to measure aoumns of antigen (proteins) or antibodies

A

Western Blot

45
Q

Its purpose is to detect specific DNA, RNA, proteins or antibodies

A

Dot (slot) Blot

46
Q

What determines which DNA fragments are seen in Southern Blot studies?

A

Probe

47
Q

Alternative name for polymorphysms VNTRS (variable number of tandem repeats)

A

Microsatellite repeats

48
Q

What does Northern blot measures?

A

mRNA

mRNA levels

BIOCHEMISTRY (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions