Biochemistry (C5: Enzymes)

Question 1

Enzymes involved in glycolysis

Answer 1

Hexokinase/glucokinase, Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), and Pyruvate kinase

Question 2

enzymes in fermentation

Answer 2

lactate dehydrogenase

Question 3

enzymes in pryuvate –> acetyl-CoA

Answer 3

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 4

enzymes in Krebs

Answer 4

citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Question 5

enzymes of ETC/Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 5

Glycerol phosphate shuttle

Question 6

Function of Glycerol phosphate shuttle

Answer 6

transports NADH electrons from glycolysis to ubiquinone

Question 7

citrate synthase

Answer 7

krebs

combines OAA with Acetyl CoA

Question 8

isocitrate dehydrogenase

Answer 8

krebs

removal of CO2; isocitrate → alpha-ketoglutarate

Question 9

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Answer 9

krebs

removal of CO2; alpha-ketoglutarate → succinyl-CoA

Question 10

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Answer 10

aka oxidative decarboxylation. 3C pyruvate molecule → 2C + CO2 + NADH

Question 11

lactate dehydrogenase

Answer 11

fermentation

reduces pyruvate to lactic acid, and there by converting NADH → NAD+.

Question 12

Pyruvate kinase

Answer 12

irreversible enzyme, removes phosphate from PEP to ADP: pyruvate(P) → pyruvate + ATP (per 1 pyruvate molecule).

Question 13

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

Answer 13

rate limiting enzyme, irreversible enzyme. Add phosphate to the other end of the isomerized F6P → F1,6bP

Question 14

Hexokinase/glucokinase (if in liver)

Answer 14

irreversible enzyme. First step in glycolysis; adds phosphate from ATP, and adds it to the glucose. Glucose → G6P → isomerized → F6P.