BIOCHEMISTRY - Biomolecules Flashcards
1
Q
What are the four biomolecules?
A
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
2
Q
Where are carbohydrates found in the body?
A
- Liver
- Muscles
- Blood
3
Q
Give three examples of monosaccharides?
A
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Ribose
4
Q
Give three examples of disaccharides?
A
- Lactose
- Sucrose
- Maltose
5
Q
Give three examples of polysaccharides?
A
- Starch
- Cellulose
- Glycogen
6
Q
What is the function of starch?
A
Glucose storage in plants
7
Q
What is the function of cellulose?
A
Structural component of plants
8
Q
What is the function of glycogen?
A
Glucose storage in mammals
9
Q
What is the difference between starch and cellulose?
A
- Starch have alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds
- Cellulose have beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds (which can only be digested through microbial fermentation)
10
Q
List four examples of lipids
A
- Triacylglycerols (TAGs)
- Phospholipids
- Glycolipids
- Sterols
11
Q
What is the main form lipids found in the body and the diet?
A
- Triacylglycerols (TAGs)
12
Q
Which phospholipids are involved in cell signalling?
A
- Phosphatidyl choline
- Phosphatidyl serine
13
Q
Which phospholipid is involved in apoptosis?
A
- Phosphatidyl inositol
14
Q
What is the most common sterol?
A
Cholesterol
15
Q
What are the main functions of cholesterol?
A
- Cell membrane rigidity
- Bile salt synthesis
- Steroid hormone synthesis
