BIOCHEMISTRY (BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE: CELL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS)

Question 1

Two types of cells

Answer 1

-prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 2

include bacteria and cyanobacteria
- Escherichia coli E. Coli

Answer 2

Prokaryotic cells

Question 3

no Nucleus, has Cell wall

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cells

Question 4

Include the protists, fungi, plants and animals including human.
Cells are larger in size

Answer 4

Eukaryotic cells

Question 5

-All living things has this
- has organelles
- lipid bilayer composed of phospholipids and cholesterol
- outer boundary of cell- controls entry and exit of substances

Answer 5

Plasma Membrane

Question 6

-conterol center of the cell: DNA
- largest organelle
- eukaryotic cells
-membrane bound organelle

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

-serves as site of protein synthesis
-some are attached to RER and distribted to cytoplasm
- all living things has this

Answer 7

Ribosome

Question 8

-membane bound organlle
- with attached ribosomes
- synthesizes proteins and transports them to Golgi apparatus

Answer 8

RER- Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

• membrane bound cell organelle
  -storage for plant cell

Answer 9

Vacuole

Question 10

• plant organelle cell that convert light into energy relatively stable chemical energy
  -MBO

Answer 10

Chloroplast

Question 11

-not presented in human cell
-bone of the cell

Answer 11

Cytoskeleton

Question 12

-MBO
- for protein, liver
-manufactures lipids and carbs; detoxifies harmful chemicals and stores calcium

Answer 12

Smooth E.R

Question 13

• MBO
• flattened membrane sacs
• modifies, packagesx and distributes proteins and lipids for secretion or internal use

Answer 13

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

• MBO
• suicide bag- has degrsding organelles
• contains difestive enzymes

Answer 14

Lysosome

Question 15

• membrane-bound vesicle
• toxifies hydrogrn peroxide

Answer 15

Peroxisome

Question 16

-tubelike protein complexes in the cytoplasm
- breaks down protein in cytoplasm

Answer 16

Proteasomes

Question 17

Site of cellular respiration
ATP synthesis

Answer 17

Mitochondria

Question 18

• only present in animal cell
• assist cell division

Answer 18

Centrioles

Question 19

Wash away substances

Answer 19

Cilia

Question 20

• made in microtubule
• in human, sperm cell

Answer 20

Flagellum

Question 21

-absorption in small intestine
- increased surface area of plasma membrane for absorption and secretion

Answer 21

MIcrovilli

Question 22

Characteristics functions of cell

Answer 22

1. Cell metabolism and energy use
2. Synthesis of molecules
3. Communication
4. Reproduction and inheritance

Question 23

Outermost component of cell

Answer 23

Plasma membrane

Question 24

The predominat lipids of the plasma membrane are phospholipids and cholesterol.

Answer 24

Membrane lipids

Question 25

Readily assemble to form a lipid bayer, double layer of phospholipids molecules

Answer 25

Phospholipids

Question 26

Functions as a market molecules, attachment proteins, transport proteins, receptor proteins or enzymes

Answer 26

Membrane proteins

Question 27

Primary source of cell

Answer 27

ATP

Question 28

Fluid/ water

Answer 28

Osmosis