Biochemistry Flashcards
Drugs target S-phase (3)
Methotrexate
5-fluorouracil
Hydroxyurea
G2 phase targeting drug (1)
Bleomycin -
Hodgkin, non-Hodgkins lymphomas, reproductive systems cancers
M phase targeting drugs (3)
Paclitaxel
Vincristine
Vinblastine
Non cell-cycle specific drug agents (2)
Cyclophosphamide
Cisplatin
Daunorubicin and doxorubicin mechanism
Intercalating between DNA bases - interfering with activities of topoisomerase II - prevent proper replication of DNA
Cisplastin mechanism
Bladder, lung cancer
Bind tightly to DNA - structural distortion, malfunction
WhT can denaturate DNA (4)
Urea
Heat
Formamide
Alkaline pH
Etoposide
Teniposide
Inhibit topoisomerase II
Quinolones
Fluoroquinolones
Inhibit DNA hyraxes in prokaryotes
Prevent DNA replication and transcription
Gr-
Levofloxacin, cipro, moxi
Nalidixic acid
Kills bacteria by inhibiting dna gyrase
Drugs targets DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Quinolones, Fluoroquinolones (p)
Etoposide, teniposide (e)
Nalidixic acid (bacteria)
AZT mechanism
HIV
Inhibit RNA dependent DNA polymerase - inhibit DNA synthesis from RNA
AZT converts to triphosphate derivative and used as substrate for viral reverse transcriptase
Cause chain termination
ATM Gene inactivated?
Ataxia telangiectasia - hypertensivity to x-rays, predisposition to lymphomas
Tumor suppressor genes
BRSA 1 BRCA 2 ATM Gene p53 Retinoblastoma arb Gene
Inactivation of p53?
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
A lot of solid tumors
HNPCC what 2 genes?
Lynch syndrome
hMSH2
hMLH1
Norfloxacin inhibit ..
DNA gyrase (tp II)
Actinomycin D mechanism
Binds to DNA, preventing transcription