Biochemistry Flashcards
What is the equation for Vmax?
Vmax=[E]kcat
What is the definition of kcat?
substrate turnover/[E]/s
What is the definition of km?
[S] when 50% of the enzyme’s active sites are saturated and indicates enzyme’s affinity for substrate
What is the equation for catalytic efficiency?
kcat/km –> high kcat or low km indicates high catalytic efficiency
What is the equation for enzyme v?
v= (Vmax [S]) / (km + [S])
= ([E] [S] kcat)/ (km + [S])
What is the glycosidic bond in sucrose?
glucose-a-1,2-fructose
What is the glycosidic bond in lactose?
galactose-b-1,4-glucose
What is the glycosidic bond in maltose?
glucose-a-1,4,-glucose
What is the glycosidic bond in cellulose?
b-1,4 (unbranched)
What is the glycosidic bond in starch?
amylose (unbranched): a-1,4
amylopectin (branched): same + a-1,6 linked branches
What is the glycosidic bond in glycogen?
a-1,4 (unbranched) and a-1,6 (branches)
anhydrase
take away water
hydrase
adds water
carbonic anhydrase
Got its name because it removes water from H2CO3 (carbonic acid) BUT catalyzes the reaction in both directions
Enzymes
Only speed up the reaction they do not change the equilibrium.
Beta-oxidation of even numbered FA
n= #C/2= #acetyl CoAs
n -1= number of rounds of B-ox because last one generates 2 acetyl CoA
Beta=oxidation of odd numbered FA
n= #C/2= #acetyl CoAs
n -1= number of rounds of B-ox because last one generates 1 acetyl CoA (2C) and 1 Succinyl CoA (3C)
Succinyl CoAs is only produced in the final step for odd-numbered FA chains
Lipoic acid is a
cofactor of PDH
Cofactors
bind noncovalently, organic molecules
Prosthetic groups
bind covalently, inorganic molecules (metal ions)
