Biochemistry Flashcards
Atom
the smallest quantity of an element that retains the unique properties of the element.
Mass
Protons+ neutrons
Element number
The number of protons
Isotope
An isotope is one of the different forms of an element, distinguished from one another by different numbers of neutrons. More than the usual numbers of the neutronz
Valence shell
Outmost electron shell
Catalyst
A substances that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any change
Inorganic compound
A substance that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen. Co2. Carbon dioxide.
Colloid
Heavy solution like milk and cream
Simple monosaccharides
Glucose fructose Galactus
Disaccharides
Maltose sucrose lactose
Complex carbohydrates
Starch glycogen fibre
Amylose
Glucose chains are straight
Amylopectin
Amylose are branched
Glycogen
It’s the stories form of carbohydrate in animals
Gluconeogenesis
The synthesis of new glucose molecules from amino acids.
Pyrivate
A 3-carbon molecule that is the end product of glycolysis.
Gestational diabetes
A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who did not
previously have diabetes.
Cellulose
One of the most common types of fiber; the main component in plant cell walls.
Soluble fiber
A type of fiber that dissolves in water and helps to decrease blood glucose spikes and lower blood cholesterol levels; pectins and gums are common types of soluble fibers, and good food sources include oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds, beans, lentils, peas, and some fruits and vegetables.
Bran
The outer skin of a wheat kernel; contains antioxidants, B vitamins, and hiber.
Endosperm
- The largest part of the wheat kernel; provides energy in the form of starch to support reproduction.
Endosperm
- The largest part of the wheat kernel; provides energy in the form of starch to support reproduction.
Germ
The embryo of the seed, which can sprout into a new plant; contains B vitamins, protein, minerals, and healthy fats.
Soluble fibre
Fermentable by gut bacteria
