Biochem quiz 1 hormone signaling

Question 1

what is a hormone

Answer 1

produced in one tissue that has an effect on another tissue

Question 2

What does the pancreas release

Answer 2

insulin and glucagon

Question 3

insulin

Answer 3

anabolic, promotes fuel storage and growth after a meal.

** ONLY HORMONE THAT Lowers blood glucose

Question 4

glucagon

Answer 4

mobilizes fuel, maintains blood glucose during fasting. Raises blood glucose.

Question 5

epinephrine

Answer 5

mobilizes fuel during acute stress, raises blood glucose.

Question 6

cortisol

Answer 6

allows mobilization of fuels during chronic stress, raises blood glucose.

Question 7

peptide hormones

Answer 7

insulin and glucagon

Question 8

steroid hormones

Answer 8

cortisol

Question 9

amines/ catecholamines

Answer 9

epinephrine, norepinephrine, derived from tyrosine

Question 10

How are peptides hormones like insulin released from the cells that produce them?

Answer 10

exocytosis

Question 11

epinephrine

Answer 11

catecholomine synthesized from tyrosine . stored in vesicles of adrenal medulla.

Question 12

How are steroid hormones released from the cells that produce them?

Answer 12

Diffusion , diffused and released across PM

Question 13

Hormonal response to low blood glucose:

Answer 13

alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon, the nervous system triggers release of norepinephrine, pituitary releases a hormone ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol.

Question 14

Epinephrine stimulates_______________

Answer 14

glycogenolysis and glycolysis

Question 15

Hormonal response to high glucose:

Answer 15

blood glucose increases, glucose stimulates release of insulin from the beta cells, glucagon release is suppressed by the high blood glucose and insulin.

Question 16

insulin stimulates_______________

Answer 16

glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and protein synthesis

Question 17

when increased insulin is released, glucagon release is __________

Answer 17

decreased.

Question 18

Insulin_______glucose production in the liver, and ______ glucose uptake in muscle and adipose.

Answer 18

decreases, increases

Question 19

The primary job of the liver is to ________________

Answer 19

increase glucose when you do not have enough. Insulin is anabolic.

Question 20

Glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol ________glucose production in the liver.

Answer 20

Increase

Question 21

Cortisol _________ glucose uptake in adipose and muscle.

Answer 21

decreases

Question 22

How do steroid hormones act in the cell?

Answer 22

Steroid hormones bind to receptors inside the cell and regulate gene expression. contents passed via diffusion

Question 23

How do peptide hormones act ?

Answer 23

synthesized by ER, Peptide hormones bind to receptors on the surface of cell, and mediate their effects through second messengers. Contents released via exocytosis.

Question 24

Where are steroid hormones derived from?

Answer 24

Cholesterol

Question 25

What does cortisol do?

Answer 25

stimulates protein degradation, increases blood glucose levels