Biochem - Part 1 Flashcards
What are functional groups?
Specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristics of those molecules.
Name the functional groups.
hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, sulfydryl, ester, ether, methyl.
What are the unique properties of water?
polarity - leading to Hbonds
cohesion and adhesion - Transport within plants
solvant - dissolves many ionic and polar substances
high specific heat - regulates organism temp
density - ice is less dense than water
Condensation reaction
Energy is absorbed and water molecule is removed connected with glicosidic linkage
Hydrolysis reaction
Water molecule is added to compound breaking it up
What are the main function for each macromolecule group?
carbohydrates - provide energy
Lipids - store energy and form membranes
Proteins - give structure and provide signalling
nucleic acids - store genetic information
What are the types of linkages in macromolecules?
Carbs - glycosidic
lipds - ester
proteins - peptide
Compare startch, glycogen, and cellulose.
Startch and glycogen are energy storage polysaccharides, alpha linkages; Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide with beta linkages
Describe the four levels of a proteins structure.
Primary - formed by condensation(straight)
Secondary - folding withn polypeptide chain (spiral)
Tertiary - interactions between R groups( cell like)
Quaternary - multiple poly chains (ball of yarn)
compare saturated and unsaturated fats.
saturated fats are solid at room temp and have no double bonds; unsaturated fats are liquid at room temp and have double bonds affecting their physiological properties.
