Biochem Mnemonics

Question 1

Functions of the different RNA polymerases I, II and III?

Answer 1

I,II,II = R.M.T

rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA

Question 2

Name the stop codons?

Answer 2

UGA = U Go Away
UAA = U Are Away
UAG = U Are Gone

Question 3

What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 3

Su.Pro.Dis.N.O.Man. !

Sulfation of sugars in proteoglycans and tyrosine
Proteoglycan assembly
Distribution center of proteins and lipids
N-oligosacc. modification on Asn
O-oligosacc. addition to serine and threonine
Mannose-6-Phophate addition to lysosomal proteins

Question 4

Collagen types?

Answer 4

B.e C.ool R.ead B.ooks

Bone Cartilage Reticulin Basement membrane

Type X - epiphyseal plate

Question 5

What is S-adenosylmethionine?

Answer 5

SAM the methyl donor man

SAM regeneration is dependent on B12

Question 6

The TCA cycle intermediates, starting from Citrate….?

Answer 6

C.an I. K.eep S.elling S.ex F.or M.oney O.fficer?

Citrate
Isocitrate
(alpha)-Ketoglutarate
Succinyl CoA
Succinate
Fumarate
Malae
Oxaloacetate

Question 7

Name the enzymes responsible for gluconeogenesis?

Answer 7

P.athway P.roduces F.resh G.lucose

Pyruvate carboxylase (mitochondria, the rest are cytosolic)
PEP carboxykinase
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase
Glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 8

G6PD deficiency?

Answer 8

5H's - .
HMP shunt enzyme deficiency
Hurts RBCs by exposing them to oxidation, which normally is prevented by NADPH
Hemoglobin is altered, precipitates
Heinz bodies form
Hemolytic anemia results

Question 9

Name the essential amino acids?

Answer 9

P.v.t. T.I.M. H.A.L.L.

Phe
Val
Thr
Typ
Ile
Met
His
Arg
Leu
Lys

Question 10

Name the components (intermediates and enzymes) of the urea cycle

Answer 10

O.rdinarily, C.areless C.rappers A.re A.lso F.rivolous A.bout U.rination

Ornithine
Carbamoyl phosphate
Citrulline
Aspartate
Argininosuccinate
Fumarate
Arginine
Urination

Question 11

Cystinuria is caused by a defect of…?

Answer 11

Renal tubular amino acid transporter for C.O.L.A.

Cystine
Ornithine
Lysine
Arginine

Question 12

Maple Syrup Urine disease?

Answer 12

Blocked degradation of branched amino acids (Ile, Val, Leu)

I. L.ove V.ermont Maple Syrup

Question 13

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?

Answer 13

L.N.S. = Lacks Nucleotide Salvage (purine)

Question 14

What does the liver do generally during the fasting state?

Answer 14

In the Phasting state, Phosphorylate.””

Question 15

Which tissues don’t need insulin for glucose uptake?

Answer 15

BRICK L:

Brain
RBCs
Intestine
Cornea
Kidney
Liver

Question 16

What are the anabolic affects of insulin?

Answer 16

Gluck Sometimes Tries to Glide Professionally

Increased:
Glucose transport
Sodium retention by kidneys
Triglyceride snythesis and storage
Glycogen synthesis and storage
Protein synthesis by the muscles

Question 17

Pompe’s?

Answer 17

Pompe’s trashes the Pump”

Question 18

Name the glycogen storage diseases?

Answer 18

V.ery P.oor C.arbohydrate M.etabolism

Von Gierke’s
Pompe’s
Cori’s
McArdle’s

Question 19

Niemann-Pick?

Answer 19

NO MAN PICKS his nose with his SHPINGER” (shpingomyelinase)”

Question 20

Tay Sachs?

Answer 20

Tay SaX laX heXosaminidase

Question 21

Hunter’s?

Answer 21

HUNTERS aim for the X” (X recessive”

Question 22

What are the major apolipoproteins and what do they do?

Answer 22

A-1 Activates LCAT
B-100 Binds to LDL receptor
C-II Cofactor for lipoprotein lipase
E - mEdiates Extra (remnant) uptake

Question 23

Symptoms of porphyrias?

Answer 23

5P's - 
Painful abdomen
Pink urine
Polyneuropathy
Psychological disturbances
Precipitated by drugs

Question 24

How to treat methemoglobinemia?

Answer 24

Treat toxic levels of METHemoglobin with METHylene blue””

Question 25

Imprinting: Angelman’s and Prader-Willi syndrome?

Answer 25

AngelMAN’s and P.rader-Willi (P.aternal)

Question 26

Duchenne’s - the molecular problem?

Answer 26

Deleted dystrophin

Question 27

Trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases?

Answer 27

Try hunting for my fried eggs.”

Question 28

Fragile X syndrome?

Answer 28

Xtra-large testes, jaw, ears

Question 29

Edward’s syndrome: what causes it?

Answer 29

Election age = 18

T.risomy 18

Question 30

Patau’s syndrome: what causes it?

Answer 30

Trisomy 13

P.uberty = 13

Question 31

Cri-du-chat?

Answer 31

CRI D.U. C.H.A.T

Dumb - mental retardation
Underdeveloped brain - microcephaly
Cardiac abnormalities
Hypertelorism
Asian eyes" - epicanthal folds

Question 32

22q11 syndromes

Answer 32

CATCH 22
Cleft palate
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia --> T cell deficiency
Cardiac defects
Hypocalcemia secondary to parathyroid aplasia

Question 33

Vitamin A is aka?

Answer 33

Retinol (think RetinA)

Question 34

Beriberi?

Answer 34

Ber1Ber1 - Vitamin B1 deficiency

Question 35

Wernicke-Korsakoff?

Answer 35

Were you drinking

Question 36

Vitamin B2… aka? Deficiency causes?

Answer 36

I C.an S.ense C.razy F.lavor

FAD and FMN are derived from RiboFlavin

Cheilosis
Stomatitis (angular)
Corneal vascularization

Question 37

Vitamin B3?

Answer 37

B.e Ni.ce, or you’ll get Pellagra”

Question 38

Biotin?

Answer 38

AVIDIN in egg whites

AVIDly binds biotin

Question 39

Vitamin E

Answer 39

E is for Erythrocytes””

Question 40

Vitamin K

Answer 40

K for Koagulation””

Question 41

Kwashiorkor?

Answer 41

Protein-deficient MEAL:

Malabsorption
Edema
Anemia
Liver (fatty)

Question 42

G protein linked 2nd messengers via phospholipase C?

Answer 42

H.A.V. 1 M & M

H1 a1 V1 M1 M3

Question 43

G protein linked 2nd messengers via Adenylyl cyclase?

Answer 43

MAD 2s
M2 a2 D2 (via Gi)
[the others in this group operate via Gs]