Biochem - Metabolism (Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation) Flashcards
Pg. 104 in First Aid 2014 Sections include: -Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
What product of glycolysis enters the mitochondria for ETC and oxidative phosphorylation?Through what shuttle/pathway does it enter?
NADH electrons from glycolysis enter mitochondria via the malate-aspartate or glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
What role does FADH2 play in the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation? How does it compare to NADH in this role?
FADH2 electrons are transferred to complex II (at a lower energy level than NADH)
What results from the passage of electrons along the electron transport chain?
The passage of electron results in the formation of a proton gradient that, coupled to oxidative phosphorylation, drives the production of ATP
How much ATP is produced via ATP synthase in electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation? Clarify how much is yield from NADH versus FADH2.
1 NADH => 2.5 ATP; 1 FADH2 => 1.5 ATP
What are the mechanism and effects of electron transport inhibitors?
Directly inhibit electron transport, causing a decreased proton gradient and block of ATP synthesis
What are 4 examples of electron transport inhibitors?
(1) Rotenone (2) Cyanide (3) Antimycin A (4) CO
What are the mechanism and effects of ATP synthase inhibitors?
Directly inhibit mitochondrial ATP synthase, causing an increased proton gradient. No ATP is produced because electron transport stops.
What is an example of an ATP synthase inhibitor?
Oligomycin
What are the mechanism and effects of uncoupling agents?
Increase permeability of membrane, causing a decreased proton gradient and increased O2 consumption. ATP synthesis stops, but electron transport continues. Produces heat.
What are 3 examples of uncoupling agents? What is something important to associate with each example?
(1) 2,4-Dinitrophenol (used illicitly for weight loss) (2) Aspirin (fevers often occur after aspirin overdose) (3) Thermogenin in brown fat
Draw the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, including and labeling the following: (1) Complex I (2) Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) (3) Complex III (4) Complex IV (5) Complex V (6) Mitochondrial matrix (7) Inner mitochondrial membrane (8) Intermembrane space. Include major factors that participate in or result from their reactions.
See p. 104 in First Aid 2014 for visual at top of page
What part of the electron transport chain and/or oxidative phosphorylation do each of the following inhibit: (1) Antimycin A (2) CO (3) Cyanide (4) Oligomycin (5) Rotenone.
(1) Complex III (2) Complex IV (3) Complex IV (4) Complex V (5) Complex I
What is another name for Complex II of the ETC?
Complex II (Succinate dehydrogenase)
