Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biochem > biochem lecture 9 pt 2 > Flashcards

biochem lecture 9 pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

another name for pentose phosphate pathway

A

hexose phosphate shunt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are products of pentose phosphate pathway

A

NADPH, ribose-5-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is NADPH

A

pyridine nucleotide used for reductive biosynthesis (fatty acids, cholesterols, nucleic acids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what else is NADPH important for

A

elimination of oxygen radicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is ribose-5-phosphoate important for

A

ribonucleotides; RNA, DNA, some coenzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a major producer of NADPH

A

pentose phosphate pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is NADPH

A

a form of reducing power important for biosynthesis reactions like fatty acids, cholesterol, nucleic acids, AAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does NADPH serve as a major source of

A

major source of electrons for formation of synthesis of molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what else is nadph important for

A

elimination of oxygen radicals (reactive oxygen species)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what can oxygen radicals cause

A

oxidative damage; disease etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what else does pentose phosphate pathway do

A

produces ribose-5-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is ribose-5-phosphate

A

important precursor for ribonucleotide and nucleotide biosynthesis (RNA, DNA, coenzymes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where does pentose phosphate pathway occur

A

liver, mammary glands, adrenal glands, adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where does pentose phosphate pathway NOT occur

A

brain and muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where in the cell does pentose phosphate pathway occur

A

cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are 2 stages of pentose phosphate pathway

A

oxidative stage and non-oxidative stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what stage is NADPH produced

A

oxidative stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

why is the first step of oxidative stage important

A

because this is where regulation of pentose phosphate pathway occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is first step of pentose phosphate pathway

A

glucose-6-phosphate –> 6 phosphogluconolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what enzyme

A

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

21
Q

what can you do in this first step

A

regulate this pathway

22
Q

how can you shut down this pathway

A

by allosterically inhibiting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

23
Q

what step do you generate NADPH

A

step 1

24
Q

how many times do you generate NADPH

A

2 times in oxidative stage

25
Q

what stage is ribose-5-phosphate produced in

A

non-oxidative stage

26
Q

why do we call it oxidative stage

A

cuz we have oxidation reactions that result in production of NADPH

27
Q

what is NADPH an important source of

A

reducing power for reductive biosynthesis pathways

28
Q

what is ribose-5-phoshpate’s function

A

precursor for sugars used in DNA and RNA

29
Q

what do we get overall in pentose phosphate pathway

A

2 NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate from glucose-6-phosphate

30
Q

what is the primary site of regulation/control

A

first step

31
Q

what enzyme catalyzes the step where we have control

A

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

32
Q

when do we produce 2 NADPHs

A

oxidative phase

33
Q

when do we produce ribose-5-phosphate

A

non-oxidative phase

34
Q

what does non-oxidative phase involve

A

convoluted transferase rxns

35
Q

what enzymes in non-oxidative phase

A

transketolase and transaldolase

36
Q

what are the functions of NADPH

A

biosynthetic pathways, detoxification, reduced glutathione as an antioxidation, generation of neutrophils

37
Q

what biosynthetic pathways is NADPH involved in

A

FA synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, steroid synthesis

38
Q

what detoxification system is NADPH involved in

A

cytochrome P-450 system

39
Q

what is cytochrome p-450 system

A

important in eliminating toxins in diet, and metabolism of drugs

40
Q

what does cytochrome p-450 system do

A

involved in how readily drugs are metabolized or inactivated; influences how long they remain effective in our body

41
Q

what step is regulation of PPP in

A

glucose-6-p dehydrogenase

42
Q

what is rate limiting step in PPP

A

glucose-6-P dehydrogenase

43
Q

what is an allosteric regulator of glucose-6-p dehydrogenase

A

NADPH

44
Q

what is an inducer of glucose-6-p dehydrogenase

A

insulin

45
Q

what can both O2 and H2O2 produce

A

reactive free radical species, damage cell membranes, cause hemolysis

46
Q

what other enzymes in PPP

A

glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase

47
Q

what are antioxidant enzymes

A

superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase

48
Q

what is converted to what in PPP

A

glucose-6-phosphate –> ribose-5-phosphate

49
Q

what else is produced in PPP

A

2 NADPHs

biochem (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions