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Anatomy and Physiology > BioChem Important Terms > Flashcards

BioChem Important Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Proton

A

Positive charge, 1 mass unit

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2
Q

Neutron

A

Neutral, 1 mass unit

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3
Q

Electron

A

Negative Charge, low mass

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4
Q

Exergonic (exothermic) reactions

A

Produce more energy than they use

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5
Q

Endergonic (endothermic) reactions

A

Use more energy than they produce

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6
Q

Nutrients

A

ESSENTIAL molecules obtained from food

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7
Q

Metabolites

A

Molecules made or broken down in the body

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8
Q

Inorganic vs Organic

A

Inorganic- No Carbon and Hydrogen

Organic- Carbon and Hydrogen

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9
Q

Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic

A

Hydrophilic- Interact with water (ions and polar molecules)

Hydrophobic- Does NOT interact with water (non polar molecules)

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10
Q

Acidic vs. Basic

A

Acidic: pH lower than 7.0
- High H+ concentration
- Low OH— concentration

Basic: pH higher than 7.0
- Low H+ concentration
- High OH— concentration

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11
Q

Acid

A
  • ADDS Hydrogen Ions to a solution
  • Proton DONOR
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12
Q

Base

A
  • REMOVES Hydrogen Ions from a solution
  • Proton ACCEPTER
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13
Q

Salts

A

Dissociate into cations and anions other than hydrogen ions & hydroxide ions

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14
Q

Buffers

A
  • Weak Acid/salt compounds
  • Neutralizes strong acid or strong base
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15
Q

Antacids

A

Basic compound that neutralizes acids and forms a salt

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16
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Simple Sugar

17
Q

Disaccharide

A
  • Two Sugars (Two Monosaccharides)
  • Condensed by Dehydration Synthesis
18
Q

Polysaccharide

A
  • Many Sugars
  • Condensed by dehydration synthesis
19
Q

Lipids

A

Fatty Acids, Glycerides, Eicosanoids, Steroids, Phospholipids, Glycolipids

20
Q

Proteins

A

Amino Acid structure

21
Q

Glycoprotein

A

Large Protein + Small Carbohydrate

22
Q

Proteoglycans

A

Large Polysaccharide + Polypeptide

23
Q

Denaturation

A

Loss of shape & function due to heat or pH

Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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