biochem and digestion ( glucose , lipid , protein ) Flashcards
Describe what happens in the fed state
Pancreas
-insulin - beta islet cells to work to decrease blood glucose
Liver
*glucose
-oxidised - used to create energy by hepatocytes
-converted to glycogen to be stored
- cori cycle - lactate created from anaerobic resp converted into glucose to be used by other cells for energy
-convert into TAG send to adipose tissue in VLDL
*aa
-synthesise own proteins and essential nitrogen compounds that need aa precursor
- convert into glucose and TAG ( go to adipose )
Adipose
*TAG
-chylomicrons from intestine
-VLDL from liver
-stored as TAG
*glucose
-adipocytes use for energy - oxidise it
-convert into TAG and store - using acetyl CoA
brain
*glucose
-oxidise glucose for energy
Muscle
*glucose
- oxidising for energy and anaerobic glycolysis by converting glucose into pyruvate
-store as glycogen
Tissue
*aa
-synthesising proteins
RBC
* glucose
-anaerobic glycolysis for energy - produces lactate - cori cycle
describe what happens in the fasting state
liver
* glucose
-glycogen -glucose = glycogenolysis
- lactate , aa , glycerol - glucose = gluconeogenesis
*aa
-alanine - nitrgen - urea - excreted , carbon - glucose and ketone bodies
*TAG
-incomplete oxidation of fatty acid - ketone bodies
Pancreas
-glucagon - triggered low blood glucose , everything out of stores
Adipose
*TAG
- Lipolysis - fatty acid go to muscle , kidney tissue as energy resource ( oxidised for ATP - betaoxidation) , glycerol goes liver for gluconeogenesis
RBC
-anaerobic resp - lactate goes liver for gluconeogenesis
Muscle
*aa
- out of stores ( alanine ) go into blood to
liver
* glycogen - glucose
*TAG
-oxidise fatty acids for atp
describe what happens in the starved state
- glycogen stores depleted
- body attempts to preserve muscle mass - stop loss of aa for gluconeogenesis more reliant on ketones = protein sparing - break down becomes more tissue specific
-ketosis —metabolic acidosis
-TAG becomes really important as a main source of fuel for the body
