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Biochem Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

How does your body use carbohydrate?

A

Primary energy source

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1
Q

What are three marcomolecules that we have studied?

A

Protein, Carbs, and Lipids

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2
Q

What are three elements in a carbohydrate?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oygen

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3
Q

How can you identify a carbohydrate?

A

Take the number of oxygens and mutiple by two. This will tell you the number of hydrogens, also tend to form a ring shape

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4
Q

What does disaccharide mean?

A

Two simple sugars hooked together

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5
Q

What does monosaccharide mean?

A

Only one simple sugar

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6
Q

What does polysaccharide mean?

A

Many simple sugars hooked together

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7
Q

What is the chemical test for a monosaccharide?

A

Benedicts solution

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8
Q

What color does benedicts turn if it is positive test result?

A

Orange

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9
Q

What color does benedicts turn if it is a negative test result?

A

Blue

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10
Q

What does a positive benedicts test mean for?

A

There monosaccharide present

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11
Q

What does a negative benedicts test mean?

A

There are no monosaccharide present

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12
Q

What is a chemical test for polysaccharide?

A

Iodine

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13
Q

What color does iodine turn if it is positive test result?

A

Purple

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14
Q

What color does Iodine turn if it is a negative test result?

A

Yellow

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15
Q

What does a positive iodine test result mean?

A

Polysaccharide are present

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16
Q

What does a negative iodine test result mean?

A

Polysaccharide are not present

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a lipid?

A

Energy storage and insaulation

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18
Q

What are the building blocks of a lipid?

A

Gycerol, and 3 fatty acids

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19
Q

What are the elements in a lipid?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

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20
Q

How can you identify a lipid?

A

The gycerol backbone and the long chains of carbon

21
Q

What are the 2 test you can run for lipids?

A

Solubility and brown paper bag

22
Q

What does a positive solubility test look like?

A

2 layers - lipids do not mix with water

23
Q

What does a negative solubility test look like?

A

1 layer - solution mixed with water

24
Q

What does a positive brown paper bag test look like?

A

A stain that never dries

25
Q

What does a negative brown paper bag test look like?

A

A spot that will dry

26
Q

What does a positive brown paper bag test mean?

A

Lipids are present

27
Q

What does a negative brown paper bag test mean?

A

Lipids are not present

28
Q

What are 5 ways your body uses protein?

A

Enzymes - speed reactions, Structure,
Transport important nutrients, Defense,
Hormones - sending signals

29
Q

What are the elements in a protein?

A

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

30
Q

What are the building blocks of a protein?

A

Amino acids

31
Q

How can you spot an amino acid?

A

COOH and NH2

32
Q

When you join amino acids together how many waters would be removed?

A

1 less then the amount of amino acids joined

33
Q

What ions are in a acid?

A

H +

34
Q

What ions are in a base?

A

OH -

35
Q

What is the pH range of an acid?

A

0 - 6.9

36
Q

What is the pH of a weak acid?

A

6

37
Q

What is the pH of a strong acid?

A

1

38
Q

What is the pH range of a base?

A

7.1 - 14

39
Q

What is the pH of a weak base?

A

8

40
Q

What is the pH of a strong base?

A

14

41
Q

What are the three test papers that were used to determined if somthing was an acid or a base?

A

Red and Blue litmus paper and hydrion paper

42
Q

What did red litmus paper change for?

A

Turned blue for a base

43
Q

What did the blue litmus paper change for?

A

Turned red for an acid

44
Q

What did the hydrion paper show us?

A

How acidic or how basic something is

45
Q

What does the number in front of the molecule tell us?

A

The number of molecules present

46
Q

What is cohesion?

A

Water molecules sticking to itself

47
Q

What is adhesion?

A

Water molecules sticking to something else

48
Q

What is surface tension?

A

Water sticking to water at the suface creating a thin film

49
Q

What does it mean that water is polar?

A

There is a slightly positive and slightly negative side

50
Q

Why is water polar?

A

Oxygen hogs the electrons giving it a negative charge

51
Q

What is a hydogen bond?

A

It is weak bond formed between water molecules because of the slight charge

Biology (6 decks)

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