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Médecine > Bioch > Flashcards

Bioch Flashcards

1
Q

A.A à chaîne latéral polaire neutre : hydrophile ?

A

Glutamine (Gln,Q) cysteine (Cys,C) threonine (Thr,T) Tyrosine (Tyr,Y)
Serine (Ser,S) Asparagine (Asn,N)

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2
Q

A.A à chaîne latéral apolaire ? Hydrophobe

A

Glycine (Gly,G) ; Valine(Val,V) ; Alanine (Ala,A) ; Phenylalanine (Phe, F) ; Isoleucine (Ile,I) Leucine (Leu, L) ; proline (Pro,P) ; Methionine (Met, M) ; Tryptophan (Trp;W)

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3
Q

A.A à chaîne latéral polaire et ionisable ? Hydrophile

A

Aspartate (Asp,D) ; Glutamate (Glu,G) ; Lysine (Lys,K) ; Arguinine (Arg, R) ; Histidine (His,H)

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4
Q

Le brin matrice de l’ARNm est le brin anti sens ?

A

Oui

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5
Q

Quel ARN polymerase produit ARNm ?

A

ARN polymerase II

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6
Q

2 premières bases intron ?

A

GU

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7
Q

Plusieurs triplets codent le même acide aminé sauf ?

A

Met, Trp

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8
Q

Transition

A

Purique -> purique

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9
Q

Transversion

A

Purique -> pyrimidique

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10
Q

Purine

A

Adénine guanine

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11
Q

Pyrimidine

A

Thymine cytosine

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12
Q

Codon initiateur ?

A

AUG -> methionine

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13
Q

Codons STOP?

A

UAG UAA UGA

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14
Q

Parmi ARN polymérase II, Primase, Hélicase, PolyA polymérase, Ligase lequel dépendants de la séquence de l’ADN matrice ?

A

ARN polym II, Primase

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15
Q

Procaryotes cb ARN polym?

A

1

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16
Q

ADN mitochondrial ?

A

Bicatenaire, circulaire, non compacté, non associé aux histones

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17
Q

Réplication ADN?

A

Semiconservative , bidirectionnel

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18
Q

ADN polymerase ?

A

ADN polymerase, ADN dépendante

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19
Q

Cb ADN polymerase procaryotes ?

A

ADN POLYM I(brin tardif), ADN POLYM II(réparation) ADN POLYM III( brin direct)

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20
Q

Cb ADN POLYM chez eucaryotes ?

A

5 principaux sur 26

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21
Q

Primase ?

A

ARN POLYM ADN DÉPENDANTE
amorce ARN

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22
Q

Telomerase ?

A

ADN POLYM ARN DÉPENDANTE

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23
Q

CB ARNr?

A

4 : 28S, 18,5,8,5

24
Q

Synthèse ARNm ?

A

Recopiage du brin ADN matrice ou brin antisens

25
Q

ARN POLYM?

A

ARN POLYM ADN DÉPENDANTE

26
Q

ARN POLYM procaryotes ?

A

1

27
Q

ARN POLYM eucaryotes ?

A

3

28
Q

ARN POLYM I

A

Arnr (5,8 18,28)

29
Q

ARN polym II

A

ARNm

30
Q

ARN polymerase III?

A

Arnr 5S, Arnt

31
Q

ARNm prématuré -> ARNm mature ?

A

Coiffe + queue polyadenylee + Exscision intron

32
Q

2 dernière bases introns ?

A

AG

33
Q

Glycine

A

(GLY,G)
R: un H -> Calpha non asymétrique

34
Q

Isoleucine

A

(Ile,I)
R: 2e carbone asymétrique

35
Q

Phenylalanine, tryptophane

A

(Phe,F) (Trp,W)
R: absorbe 280nm
Chaîne aromatique

36
Q

AA fonction alcool ?

A

Serine (Ser,S)
threonine (Thr,T)R: 2e carbone asymétrique
tyrosine (Tyr,Y)R: aromatique 280nm
R: phosphorylable -> active Prot

37
Q

Fonction soufrée

A

Cysteine (Cys,C)
Pont disulfure

38
Q

AA fonction amide ?

A

Glutamine (Gln,Q)
Asparguine (Asn,N)

39
Q

AA Fonction acide ?

A

(Glu,E) (Asp,D)
Négatif à pH 7,4

40
Q

AA fonction basique ?

A

(His,H) neutre ph7,4
(Lys,K) (Arg,R) positif ph7,4

41
Q

Structure primaire AA liaison peptidique?

A

Liaison covalente, plane rigide polaire
Conformation trans plus stable

42
Q

Hélice alpha Prot ?

A

Structure secondaire
Riche alanine
Pauvre glycine et proline

43
Q

Structure secondaire type de liaison ?

A

Liaison hydrogène !

44
Q

Feuillet Bêta Prot ?

A

Structure secondaire
Pauvre en glycine et proline
Riche valine phenylalanine, Tyrosine

45
Q

Coudes boucle Prot ?

A

Structure secondaire non reguliaires et non répétitive.
Riche glycine proline

46
Q

Structure quaternaire ( assemblage monomère) : Prot?

A

Le plus souvent non covalent

47
Q

Structure quaternaire Collagène ?

A

Riche glycine et proline,
2 AA inhabituelle : hydroxyproline et hydroxylysine.

48
Q

Oxyhémoglobine ?

A

État relâché appelé R

49
Q

Chymotripsine ?

A

Trp,Tyr,Phe

50
Q

Trypsine ?

A

His

51
Q

Homodimere ?

A

Deux même sous unité

52
Q

Epissage alternatif ?

A

Exon élimine chez eucaryote

53
Q

Amine df ?

A

1

54
Q

Nitrile df ?

A

Df=3

55
Q

Df amide ?

A

Df= 4

56
Q

Df en fonction oxydation et réduction ?

A

Df monte avec oxydation et baisse avec réduction

Médecine (12 decks)

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