BIO1101 - Module 3 (Energy) Flashcards
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - If ΔG is < 0, a reaction will:
Occur spontaneously
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - In the equation G = H – TS, what does each letter stand for?
G = Free energy (proportion of energy that can be used for work) H = Total energy T = Absolute temperature S = Entropy
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - Reactions that release energy are called:
Exergonic
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - What does ‘entropy’ refer to?
A measure of disorder or randomness
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - What is the basic reaction for respiration?
Organic molecules + O2 → H2O + CO2 + energy
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - Which of the following IS NOT one of the three main kinds of cellular work:
Select one:
a. transport
b. mechanical
c. chemical
d. casual
Casual
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - Can energy be destroyed or created?
No
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - List 3 functions of metabolism
i) Convert nutrients to molecules
ii) Obtain energy
iii) Make cell structures (eg proteins, DNA, membranes, etc.)
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - What are the two most important metabolic processes from a cycle of molecules and energy in life?
Photosynthesis and respiration
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - The chemical energy released by __________ is captured in the conversion of ADP back to ATP.
Catabolism
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - ATP is typically used to provide energy by removal of its:
Terminal phosphate group
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - When are reactions said to be at equilibrium?
When their forward and back reactions occur at the same time
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - The exergonic liberation of the terminal phosphate from the ATP molecule requires water and thus it is known as:
A hydrolysis reaction
Module 3 (Energy Quiz) - The proportion of energy that can be used to perform work is referred to as:
Free energy
Module 3 (Energy) - What is the difference between an anabolic and catabolic pathway?
Anabolic: Consume energy in building molecules
Catabolism: Release energy on breaking down complex molecules
Module 3 (Energy) - What is kinetic, potential and chemical energy?
i) Kinetic: Energy of motion
ii) Potential: Stored energy (due to location or structure)
iii) Chemical: Conversion of simple molecules to more complex molecules involves the storage of energy in these molecules, which is referred to as chemical energy
Module 3 (Energy) - What is bioenergetics?
The study of how organisms manage their energy resources
Module 3 (Energy) - What is thermodynamics? What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
The study of energy transformations in matter.
The First Law suggests that the Universe is constant; energy can be transferred or transformed; Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Module 3 (Energy) - What is thermodynamics? What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Every energy transfer increases the entropy (disorder or randomness) of the universe.
Module 3 (Energy) - What happens to free energy at equilibrium?
It is at its lowest, and does not change.
Module 3 (Energy) - What does ΔG < 0 and ΔG > 0 mean?
ΔG < 0 = the release (exergonic) of free energy
ΔG > 0 = the consumption (endergonic) of free energy
ΔG = 0 = equilibrium
Module 3 (Energy) - What is metabolic disequilibrium?
If a cell is at equlibrium, it is dead.
Module 3 (Energy) - How does ATP work?
It is used to provide energy by removal of its terminal phosphate group, providing Adenosine Di Phosphate and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This hydrolysis provides free energy and is coupled to endergonic reactions to provide energy necessary for them to occur.
The ATP drives cellular work.
The chemical energy released by catabolism is captured in the conversion of ADP back to ATP.
Module 3 (Energy) - What kind of reaction is respiration and photosynthesis and photosynthesis (endergonic or exergonic)?
Respiration: spontanteous / exergonic
Photosynthesis: spontaneous backwards / endergonic
Module 3 (Energy) - What is activation energy?
The energy that is required to activate free energy (ie pushing a ball down a slide). Energy from the sun is the activation energy in photosynthesis.
Module 3 (Energy) - What is energy?
Energy is everything. It is the ability to do work.
