BIO TEST Flashcards
What did Hooke do
Identified cells
what did Leevwnhoek do
Observed cells in better detail
what did Shlieden do
Observed that plants have cells
What did Schwann do
studying that all living things are made of cells
what did Virchow do
all cells come from other cells
Endoplasmic reticulum?
This organelle is involved in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids.
Golgi apparatus
It processes, sorts, and delivers proteins and lipids to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell.
Lysosomes
These are membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules, old organelles, and foreign substances.
Vacuoles
store water, ions, nutrients, and waste products, providing structural support and maintaining turgor pressure.
chloroplasts
are the sites of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
What shape would be most desirable for these larger cells? Why? How do you know?
A flattened or elongated shape is desirable. This shape maximizes the surface area to volume ratio, facilitating efficient exchange of nutrients, gasses and waste products with the surrounding environment. This adaptation maintains effective communication with neighboring cells.
G1 phase
Cell growth and protein synthesis occur, preparing the cell for DNA replication, lasting hours to days.
S Phase
DNA synthesis takes place, replicating the genetic material, typically lasting several hours.
G2 Phase
Further growth and preparation for cell division occur, lasting several hours.
M Phase
Cell division occurs, with mitosis lasting less than an hour, followed by cytokinesis to complete the process.
