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Physics reviewer > BIO Reprduction (3) > Flashcards

BIO Reprduction (3) Flashcards

Mostly Human Reproduction

1
Q

What are primary sex organs called?

A

Gonads

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2
Q

What are the Gonads (primary sex organs) in males and females?

A
  • Testesin males
  • Ovaries in females
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3
Q

_____ produce gametes (sex cells) and secrete hormone

A

Gonads

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3
Q

What are the games (sex cells) in males and females?

A
  • sperm - male gametes (spermatogenesis)
  • ova - female gametes (oogenesis)
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4
Q
  • Male reproductive system
  • seminiferous tubules (spermatogenesis)
  • regulated by hormones (GnRH, FSH, LH)
A

Testes

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5
Q

Enumerate the male reproductive organs

A
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5
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Provides a temporary site for the immature sperm

A

Epididymis

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6
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Propel live sperm from their storage sites.

A

Ductus or Vans deferens

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7
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Carries both urine and sperm to the body exterior

A

Urethra

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7
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Produce about 60% of seminal fluid, the fluid volume of semen

A

Seminal vesicle

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7
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm

A

Prostate gland

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8
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

Produces thick and clear mucus that cleanses the urethra of traces of acidic urine and serves as a lubricant during sexual

A

Bulbourethral gland or Cowper’s gland

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9
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (Accessory Organs)

A milky white, somewhat sticky mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions. The liquid portion is a transport medium for nutrients and chemicals that protect the sperm and aid their movement.

A

Semen

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9
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (External organ)

Protect the testes and to keep them at a temperature several degrees below the normal body temperature.

A

Scrotum

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10
Q

Male Reproductive Organs (External organ)

Designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract

A

Penis

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10
Q
  • production of sperm cells
  • begins at _____ and continues throughout life
A
  • Spermatogenesis
  • puberty
11
Q

Spermatogenesis occurs in the _____

A

seminiferous tubules

12
Q

Enumerate the female reproductive organs

A
13
Q

Female Reproductive System (Duct system)

The _____ are small, oval-shaped glands on either side of the uterus. It produces eggs and hormones.

A

Ovaries

13
Q

Female Reproductive System (Duct system)

Provide a site for fertilization

A

Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes

14
Q

Female Reproductive System (Duct system)

Hollow organ that functions to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized egg

A

Uterus

15
Q

Female Reproductive System (Duct system)

  • Thin-walled tube 8cm to 10cm (3-4inches) long
  • often called the birth canal since it provides a passageway for the delivery of an infant and for the menstrual flow to leave the body
  • female organ of copulation
A

Vagina

15
Q

Female Reproductive System (External genitalia)

  • fatty area overlying the pubic symphysis
  • covered with pubic hair after puberty
A

Mons pubis

16
Q

Female Reproductive System (External genitalia)

skin folds

A

Labia
- Labia majora
- Labia minora

17
Q

Female Reproductive System (External genitalia)

Enclosed by labia majora

A

Vestibule

18
Q

Female Reproductive System (External genitalia)

  • Contains erectile tissue
  • Corresponds to the male penis
A

Clitoris

19
Q

Menstrual Cycle

  1. The average is _____ days, but ranges from 21-35 days.
  2. Days _____ are when a female has her period.
  3. After the period, an ____ is matured in the ovary.
  4. The _____ builds up blood and tissue.
  5. The mature ovum is _____.
  6. If _____, it attaches to the uterine lining.
  7. If not fertilized, lining breaks down and there is _____.
A
  1. 28 days
  2. Days 1-5
  3. ovum
  4. uterine line
  5. released
  6. fertilized
  7. another period
20
Q

Production of egg cells.

A

Oogenesis

21
Q

The period in which a woman’s reproductive capability gradually declines and then finally end is called _____.

A

menopause

22
Q

Hormone (Male Reproductive Hormones)

A
  • Testosterone
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
23
Q
  • hypothalamus
  • stimulates secretion of FSH and LH
A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

24
Q
  • pituitary gland
  • promotes the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells
A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

25
Q

Hormone (Male Reproductive Hormones)

  • pituitary gland
  • stimulates the production of sperm cels in the seminiferous tubules
A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

25
Q

Hormone (Male Reproductive Hormones)

  • interstitial cells
  • stimulates spermatogenesis
  • promotes and regulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics
  • associated with sex drive levels
A

testosterone

25
Q

Hormone (Female Reproductive Hormones)

  • pituitary
  • stimulates the ovulation and the formation and maintenance of the corpus luteum
A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

25
Q

Hormone (Female Reproductive Hormones)

  • pituitary
  • stimulates the development of the follicle cells in the ovary
A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

25
Q

Hormone (Female Reproductive Hormones)

  • corpus luteum (ovary)
  • inhibits ovulation, inhibits uterine contractions, firms the cervix, and stimulates the endometrium
A

progesterone

26
Q

Hormone (Female Reproductive Hormones)

  • follicle cells (ovary)
  • inhibits growth of facial hair, initiates secondary sexual characteristics, and causes thickening of the endometrium
A

estrogen

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