Bio Replication

Question 1

Replication

Answer 1

process by which DNA (genetic information) is copied during the cell cycle

Question 2

Replication ensures that

Answer 2

…every cell has a complete set of identical genetic information
In Humans= 46 chromosom

Question 3

What “drives” replication?

Answer 3

Proteins and enzymes carry out the process of replication

Question 4

Enzymes
-Enzymes unzip…………
-Enzymes connect………
Enzymes check…………..

Answer 4

unzip the double helix (helicase)
connect nucleotides (DNA polymerase)
check for errors (DNA polymerase)

Question 5

Original DNA strand serves only as a ………

Answer 5

template

Question 6

During replication, a …. strand of DNA serves as ….

Answer 6

Single
serves as a template for a new strand

Question 7

DNA is replicated during….

Answer 7

during the S (synthesis) stage of the cell cycle

Question 8

DNA Replication is
….. by Enzymes

Answer 8

catalyzed

Question 9

An enzyme______ ______ ____ ____ by breaking apart the hydrogen bonds that attach the nitrogen bases together

Answer 9

(helicase) unzips the DNA

Question 10

_____ _____ _____ ___ ___ _____ _____ to the open DNA strands with the help of the enzyme called _____ ______

Answer 10

Free floating nucleotides in the cytoplasm bind

DNA polymerase

Question 11

DNA Polymerase Adds what?

Answer 11

Complementary Bases

Question 12

______ _______ ______ of DNA are formed, each with an _____ strand and a _____ formed strand

Answer 12

Two identical molecules
original
newly

Question 12

FAST: DNA replication starts at _____ _____ in the double helix

Answer 12

many points

Question 12

ACCURATE: DNA polymerase can ____ ____ ____ ____ _____

Answer 12

find and correct errors

Question 13

A-T-G-C-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-A

Answer 13

Original PARENT strand

Question 14

T-A-C-G-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-G-C-T

Answer 14

Complementary NEW strand

Question 15

A-C-G-C-T-T-T-G-A-A-C-G-C-G-G-T

Answer 15

Complementary NEW strand

Question 16

T-G-C-G-A-A-A-C-T-T-G-C-G-C-C-A

Answer 16

Original PARENT strand

Question 17

Three types of asexual cell division

Answer 17

Binary fusion
Mitosis
Meiosis

Question 18

Why do cells divide

Answer 18

Organism creation
Growth
Repair- replace damaged cells

Question 19

There are 3 phases in the cell cycle:

Answer 19

Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis

Question 19

Cell cycle-

Answer 19

the series of events that take place in a cell leading up to and including its division (the life of a cell)

Question 20

Interphase

Answer 20

period of cell growth in between cell divisions
cell spends most of its life (90%) in interphase
Consists of three smaller phases (G1 S & G2

Question 21

G1

Answer 21

-period prior to the synthesis of DNA
-the cell increases in size and organelles increase in number in preparation for cell division
critical checkpoint – everything must be in order before DNA synthesis

Question 22

G0

Answer 22

-Cells do not divide
-AKA resting phase
-period in which cells exist in a dormant state
-viewed as either extended G1 phase where the cell in neither dividing nor preparing to divide

Question 23

S

Answer 23

-copy of the cell’s DNA is made
-DNA is loosely organized into chromatin and looks grainy
-cell has 2 complete copies of DNA