bio quiz Flashcards
3 types of blood vessels
arteries: carry blood away
veins: carry toward the heart
capillaries: gas exchange occurs
asthma (respiratory)
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
symptoms: coughing, difficulty breathing, wheezing.
What causes the symptoms: causes airways to be blocked, making it difficult for oxygen to be brought into the body.
Describe the levels of organization in animals
CELLS - TISSUES - ORGANS - ORGAN SYSTEM - ORGANISM
Cell: Basic structural and functional unit.
Tissue: Group of similar cells performing a specific function.
Organ: Structure made of multiple tissues working together.
Organ System: Group of organs that perform related functions.
Organism: Complete living being.
describe different disorders that affect the digestive system
- diabetes
- kidney stones
- pancreatitis
- lactose intolerance
label the parts of the heart
- aorta
- pulmonary artery
- pulmonary vein
- left artium
- left ventricle
- tricapid valve
- right ventricle
- inferior vena cava
- right artium
- supreior vena cava
what is an accessory organ
an organ that helps with digestion but is not part of the digestive tract
ex. gallbadder, liver, pancreas
Liver: Produces bile for fat digestion.
Gallbladder: Stores and releases bile.
Pancreas: Produces enzymes for digestion and regulates blood sugar.
explain the connection between the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system
the cardiovascular system brings blood to and from the lungs.
symptoms of a heart attack
chest pain or pressure
shortness of breath
nausea
anxiety
upper body pain
sweating
the blood 4 componets
red blood cells: oxygen
white blood cells: infection-fighting cells
platelets: blood clot
plasma: liquid
Describe Stem Cells
an unspecialized cell that can form specialized cells. they can treat injuries, diseases, and regenerate organs.
different types of stem cells are: embryonic and adult.
Describe the benefits of Stem Cells in the body
- organ and tissue regeneration
- brain diseases treatment
- cell deficiency therapy
- blood diseases treatment
- learn about human development
Describe the Respiratory System
provides oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide.
functions of the pathway of digestion
Mouth: Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food (saliva).
Esophagus: Moves food to the stomach then peristalsis.
Stomach: Chemical digestion (acid and enzymes).
Small Intestine: Nutrient absorption
Large Intestine: Water absorption and waste compaction.
Rectum and Anus: Elimination of solid waste.
Describe the function of the circulatory system
transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste materials.
what is a coronary artery
provide blood to the heart muscle tissue itself. can be blocked with plaque
inflammatory bowel disease / Crohn’s disease (digestive)
inflammation of the small intestine
symptoms: abdominal and stomach pain, nausea, rectal bleeding, weakness
treatments: healthy diet, drinking lots of water, cooked vegetables, avoiding coffee tea and alcohol.
explain the process of inhalation and exhalation
inhalation: The diaphragm contracts, the lungs expand, and air flows in.
exhalation: The diaphragm relaxes, the lungs deflate, and air flows out.
explain the 2 diseases of the respiratory system
tuberculosis: bacteria enters your body as you breathe.
Asthma: the airways are narrow
Label the pathway of digestion
- salivary glands
- mouth
- esophagus
- stomach
- galbladder
- duodenum
- pancreas
- small intestine
- large intestine
- rectum
How do the Circulatory, Digestive and Respiratory interact with each other?
Circulatory + Digestive: The circulatory system transports Nutrients in the digestive system.
Circulatory + Respiratory: The circulatory system delivers Oxygen from the respiratory system.
Digestive + Respiratory: Energy from food powers respiratory muscles.
label the parts of the respiratory system
- nasal cavity
- mouth
- trachea
- bronchus
- bronchioles
- diaphragm
- alveoli
- right lung
- pharynx
List and describe the different kinds of tissues
Epithelial Tissue: protect the organism from dehydration.
Connective Tissue: provides support and insulation
Muscle Tissue: allows for the body to move. 3 types of muscle tissue include: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
Nervous Tissue: communicates with the body and sends signals.
celiac disorder (digestive)
a genetic condition in which the person cannot have any gluten.
symptoms: abdominal pain and bloating, acne, loss of balance.
treatments: gluten-free diet
