Bio psych part 1 Flashcards
Study of physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience
BIO PSYCHOLOGY DUH
Explain Monism and Dualism
imong mama
Also called nerve cells. Receive information and transmit it to other cells
Neurons
Structure that protects the inside of the cell to the outside. thin and flexible barrier made of molecules that separates and encloses different parts of cells or compartments in living organisms, helping to control what goes in and out.
Membrane
Branching fibers/roots of a neuron which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
Dendrites
Cell body
Soma
the long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.
Axon
Main working cells of the brain; support and nurture neurons.
Astrocytes
Body’s defenders of the brain. Removes damaged cells; responds to pathogens
Microglia.
type of glial cell that are involved in the formation of myelin sheath, insulators
Oligodendrocyte
type of glial cell that surrounds neurons, keeping them alive and sometimes covering them with a myelin sheath, and are the major glial cell type in the peripheral nervous system
Schwaan cells
type of glial cells that helps young braincells move to their right places as the brain grows
Radial Glia
The ______ is like a protective shield made of special cells and structures that prevents harmful substances in the blood from easily entering the brain, while allowing essential nutrients and molecules to pass through to keep the brain healthy.
Blood-brain barrier
________ surround brain capillaries and, during development, induce endothelial cells to form tight junctions. The endothelial tight junctions are the basis of the blood-brain barrier, a system of controlled transcapillary transport which maintains homeostasis in the CNS.
Astrocyte foot process
quick electrical message that travels along nerve cells, allowing them to communicate and transmit information in the body.
action potential
principle that states that the strength of a response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus. If a stimulus is above a certain threshold, a nerve or muscle fiber will fire
all or none law
endings of a nerve cells that send signals to another nerve cell or muscle cells
presynaptic terminals
block specific channels in nerve cells, called sodium channels. These channels are responsible for transmitting pain signals as electrical impulses
local anesthetic drug
refers to the ability of the cell membrane to control the flow of substances in and out of the cell. It helps maintain a cell’s internal environment, and to regulate its internal conditions, such as osmotic pressure, pH, and ion concentration.
selective permeability
Autonomic Nervous System consists of two divisions which are
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
body’s “fight or flight” response, activating when you need to react quickly to a threat
sympathetic
the “rest and digest” mode, helping your body relax and maintain normal functions during peaceful times.
parasympathetic
Neurons/messengers that carry information from your body’s senses to your brain
Afferent neurons
Neurons/messengers that transmit signals from your brain to your muscles and organs to control your body’s actions.
Efferent neurons
the initial increase of the membrane potential to the value of the threshold potential. The threshold potential opens voltage-gated sodium channels and causes a large influx of sodium ions
hyperpolarization
the interval of time during which a second action potential cannot be initiated, no matter how large a stimulus is repeatedly applied.
absolute refractory period
the interval of time during which a second action potential can be initiated, but initiation will require a greater stimulus than before
relative refractory period (idk if apilon pani but whatevs)
a sleeve that’s wrapped around each nerve cell (neurons). It’s a protective layer of fat (lipids) and protein that coats the main “body” section of a neuron called the axon
myelin sheath
