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BIOLOGY PT.2 > BIO - PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION > Flashcards

BIO - PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Flashcards

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1
Q

has immature embryonic cells located at the tips of roots and stems; responsible for growth - elongation and enlargement

A

MERISTEMATIC TISSUE

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2
Q

produced by meristematic tissue; productive covering of the plants exposed surface

A

PERMANENT TISSUE

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3
Q

protects the plants ; contains cuticle; attack microbes; injury and stomata

A

EPIDERMIS

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4
Q

for absorption, nutrition, and protection against herbivores; hairline structure

A

TRICHOMES

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5
Q

replaced the epidermis when increased in size

A

PERIDERM

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6
Q

thin walled cells; for photosynthesis, storage of water and carbohydrates

A

FUNDAMENTAL/GROUND TISSUE

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7
Q

simple and specialized tissues, thin cellulose cell wall; responsible for photosynthesis, storing water/nutrients, gas exchange

A

PARENCHYMA TISSUE

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8
Q

chloroplasts for photosynthesis

A

CHLORENCHYMA

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9
Q

intercellular cells for exchange of gases

A

AERENCHYMA

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10
Q

thick pectin and cellulose; support growing regions, elongating stems; for mechanical support and elasticity

A

COLLENCHYMA

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11
Q

thick, rigid, lignin, non-living tissue; for mechanical support

A

SCLERENCHYMA TISSUES

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12
Q

walnut shells, hulls of peanut as stone cells

A

SCLEREIDS

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13
Q

elongated slender of cells

A

FIBERS

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14
Q

for longer transport of water and dissolved solutes

A

VASCULAR TISSUE

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15
Q

transports water and dissolved minerals

A

XYLEM

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16
Q

transport food throughout the plant

A

PHLOEM

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17
Q

only water-conducting cells in woody

A

TRACHEIDS

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18
Q

transports water more rapidly than tracheids

A

ELEMENTS

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19
Q

binder and keeps plant components together

A

PECTIN

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20
Q

provides shape and rigidity to cell wall

A

CELLULOSE

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21
Q

attached to a node of stem

A

SLENDER STALK/PETIOLE

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22
Q

only one blade in petiole

A

SIMPLE LEAF

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23
Q

divided into several sections (leaflets)

A

COMPOUND LEAF

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24
Q

arrangement of leaves in plants

A

PHYLLOTAXY

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25
Q

a leaf attached to a node

A

ALTERNATE ARRANGEMENT

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26
Q

two leaves attached to a node arranged opposite to each other

A

OPPOSITE ARRANGEMENT

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27
Q

more than two leaves attached at the same node

A

WHORLED ARRANGEMENT

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28
Q

arrangement of veins in the blade

A

LEAF VENATION

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29
Q

veins are repeatedly branching out then form a network on the surface

A

NETTED/RETICULATED VENATION

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30
Q

tiny openings; two guard cells; carbon dioxide enters and water vapor comes out

A

STOMATA

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31
Q

upper epidermis with closely packed of columnar cells; photosynthesis

A

PALISADE MESOPHYLL

32
Q

lower epidermis with loosely packed of spherical cells; exchange of gases

A

SPONGY MESOPHYLL

33
Q

climbing and support of vines to wrap around

A

TENDRILS

34
Q

have sharped leaves for protection from large herbivores

A

SPINES

35
Q

attract pollinators/protect plant structure

A

BRACTS

36
Q

asexual plant

A

REPRODUCTIVE LEAVES

37
Q

special leaves for extra food; during winter months

A

STORING LEAVES

38
Q

carnivorous, make food using sunlight; attract and trap

A

INSECT-CAPTURING LEAVES

39
Q

medium for the transport of water, minerals; attachment of leaves; serves as storage of foods; edible for consumption

A

STEMS

40
Q

where leaves are attached

A

NODE

41
Q

distance between two node

A

INTERNODES

42
Q

located on the axil of the leaves

A

BUDS

43
Q

located at the tip of the stem

A

TERMINAL/APICAL

44
Q

located alongside the stem

A

LATERAL/AXILLARY

45
Q

outer layers of ground tissue

A

CORTEX

46
Q

inner layers of ground tissue

A

PITH

47
Q

WOODY STEM

A

(TREE), arranged, secondary tissues, periderm, thick cell wall, cylindrical

48
Q

HERBACEOUS STEM

A

(PLANT) distributed, primary tissue, epidermis, scattered

49
Q

horizontal, creeping stem, developed at the nodes; spreading growth, asexual

A

STOLONS/RUNNERS

50
Q

enlarged underground stem; food storage

A

TUBERS

51
Q

long, parallel, underground stem; food storage

A

RHIZOMES

52
Q

thickened bases of leaves; leafy food storage

A

BULBS

53
Q

vertical, thick, underground stem; food storage

A

CORMS

54
Q

fleshly, leafless stem; water storage

A

SUCCULENT

55
Q

can absorb water, anchorage of plant, storage of food, medium for reproduction

A

ROOTS

56
Q

internal tissues of the root, when removed new cap cells formed

A

ROOT CAP

57
Q

venue for new formed cells

A

ROOT OF MERISTEM

58
Q

undergoing enlargement of its length

A

ROOT OF ELONGATION

59
Q

where important tissues are found (xylem, phloem, cortex)

A

ROOT OF MATURATION

60
Q

TAPROOT SYSTEM

A

large root, smaller root branches, dicots, downwards

61
Q

FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEM

A

many roots, monocots

62
Q

protection from plant-eating animals, modified for storage of starch of water

A

STORAGE ROOTS/TUBEROUS ROOTS

63
Q

not covered by the soil, developed from the branches, help the tree remain upright

A

AERIAL ROOTS

64
Q

from plant organ, grow from the nodes to get nutrients

A

ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS

65
Q

form from adventitious buds, aboveground roots, develop into suckes/aerial stems

A

PROPAGATIVE ROOTS

66
Q

further down into the soil, broad, vertical, wrinkled looking

A

CONTRACTILE ROOTS

67
Q

roots are flat and green as photosynthetic site

A

PHOTOSYNTHETIC ROOTS

68
Q

breathing that grow in a wet area such as swamps

A

PNEUMATOPHORES

69
Q

wall-like extensions, prevent the tree from falling over

A

BUTTRESS ROOTS

70
Q

bud outgrows from the parent organism and detaches to become a new

A

BUDDING

71
Q

roots are developed in the stem of parent plant after putting soil

A

MARCOTTING

72
Q

a scion (shoot of plant) inserted into the stem of another plant

A

GRAFTING

73
Q

cut stem and leaf are loose, moist oil cuttings readily grow adventitious roots

A

KALANCHOE STEM AND LEAF CUTTINGS

74
Q

tiny new plants

A

PLANTLETS

75
Q

technique for growing species of living tissue in artificial media; propagating orchids

A

TISSUE CULTURE

76
Q

he was the first demonstrated tissue culture in 1958

A

FREDRICK CAMPION STEWARD

BIOLOGY PT.2 (3 decks)

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