Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MIDTERMS > BIO MIDTERM > Flashcards

BIO MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

CELL CYCLE

A

-An ordered sequence of events (interphase & mitotic phase) that extends from the time a eukaryotic cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into 2 cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

INTERPHASE

A

-The period in the eukaryotic cell cycle when the cell is not actually dividing. Spends majority of its time in the cell cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MITOSIS

A
  • The division of a single nucleus into 2 genetically identical nuclei.
  • Mitosis & cytokinesis makes up the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PROPHASE

A

-Nuclear membrane dissolves chromosomes appear centriole migrates to poles spindle begins to form (aster appear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

METAPHASE

A
  • Chromosomes line up along middle of cell (equator)

- Aster fully formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ANAPHASE

A

Chromosomes start to separate, noting forward the poles (asters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TELOPHASE

A

-Chromosomes reach the poles the deavage furrow becomes very prominent nuclear membrane begins to reappear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CYTOKINESIS

A

-The separation of the cells into two distinct cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GAMETES

A

-A sex cell; a haploid egg or sperm: the Union of 2 gametes of opposite sex (fertilization) produces a zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ZYGOTE

A

-The diploid fertilization egg, which results from the union of a Soren cell nucleus & an egg cell nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CROSS-OVER EVENTS

A

-The exchange of segments between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during synapsis in phase 1 of meiosis; also the exchange of segments between DNA molecule in prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE

A

-Heterozygous= distinctive phenotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CO DOMINANCE

A

-2 alternative dominate genotype are bother expressed a.g AB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PROMOTER

A

-DNA–> start of transcription, promoter infringe of every gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

START SITE

A

-AUG, translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

STOP SITE

A

-VAA, VAG, UGA = nonsense codons

17
Q

ANTI-CODON

A

-3 nucleotides of TRNA : complementary to codon

18
Q

CODON

A

-3 nucleotides (bases) on mRNA

19
Q

TRANSCRIPTION

A

-End result: RNA Polymeosise

Ex-mRNA

20
Q

TRANSLATION

A

-RIbosomes

=protein

21
Q

GENE

A

-On DBA that codes for a piece of our RNA

22
Q

CHROMOSOMES

A

-1 piece DNA =many genes –> RNA

23
Q

MONOHYBRID CROSS

A

-An experimental mating of individuals differing in a single character

24
Q

PHENOTYPE

A

-The expressed traits of an organism

25
Q

RECESSIVE ALLELE

A

-An allele that has no noticeable effect on the phenotype of a gene when the individual is heterozygous for a gene

26
Q

RIBOSOMES

A

-A cell structure consisting of RNA & protein organized into 2 subunits & functioning as the site of protein synthesis is in the cytoplasm

27
Q

GENOTYPE

A

-The genetic makeup of an organism

28
Q

GENETIC CODE

A

-The set of rules that dictates the correspondence between RNA codons in an mRNA molecule & amino acids in protein

29
Q

SEX-LINKED GENE

A

-A gene located on a sex chromosome. In humans, the vast majority of sex-linked genes are located on the X chromosomes

30
Q

DIHYBRID CROSS

A

-An experimental mating of individuals differing in 2 characteristics

31
Q

MUTATION

A

-A change in the nucleotide sequence of an organisms DNA; the ultimate source of genetic diversity

32
Q

ONCOGENE

A

-A cancer-causing gene; usually contributes to malignancy by abnormally enhancing the amount or activity of growth factor made by the cell

33
Q

DIFFERENTIATION

A

-The specialization in the structure & function of cells that occurs during the development of an organism; results from selective activation & deactivation of the cells genes

34
Q

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

A
  • The 2 chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell.
  • 1 homologous chromosome is inherited from the organisms father and the other from the mother

MIDTERMS (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions