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Biology 1407 > Bio Lab Pratical Review > Flashcards

Bio Lab Pratical Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Science takes observations from where

A

The natural world

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2
Q

Steps in the scientific method(7)

A
  1. make an observation
  2. ask questions about your observation
  3. Propose answers(hypotheses) to your questions
  4. test hypotheses
  5. collect data
  6. accept or reject hypotheses
  7. test for reliability
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3
Q

Independent Variable

A

Variable that can be manipulated

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4
Q

Dependent variable

A

variable that can be counted or measured

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5
Q

control variables

A

all other variables that remain constant throughout the test

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6
Q

what two groups require to be set up during an experiment

A

Control and experimental groups

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7
Q

A Hypothesis can be proven false but never correct. Why?

A

because it is merely the best explanation at the time

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8
Q

Meter is the standard unit of…

A

Length

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9
Q

Liter is the standard unit of…

A

volume

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10
Q

Gram is the standard unit of…

A

Mass

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11
Q

Metric system conversion chart

A

King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk

Kilo Hecto Deca Basic Deci Centi Mili

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12
Q

Convert 4km to m

A

4000

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13
Q

Coarse adjustment

A

changes the distance between slide and objective to focus an image

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14
Q

Fine adjustment

A

permits exact focusing

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15
Q

The magnification power of the ocular

A

10x

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16
Q

Oil Immersion is used with which magnification objective

A

100x

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17
Q

Immersion oil has the same optical density as…

A

glass

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18
Q

Prepared slides

A
  • made in advance by a biological company and ready to use

- living material killed, cleaned, embedded in wax, sliced, and mounted

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19
Q

Wet mounts

A
  • made on the spot

- used to observe living tissues or cells

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20
Q

w.s abbreviation

A

whole mount

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21
Q

x.s or c.s abbreviation

A

cross section

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22
Q

l.s abbreviation

A

longitudinal section

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23
Q

dichotomous key

A

a series of questions used to identify an unknown organism

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24
Q

when using high power objective only one focus knob should be used

A

fine adjustment knob

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25
Q

Archean and bacteria cells are

A

Prokaryotic

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26
Q

The three basic eubacteria cell shapes

A

coccus, bacillus, spirillum

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27
Q

Reproduction among eubacteria can be achieved by

A

fission, conjunction, and fragmentation

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28
Q

The Gram Stain test works because

A

the difference in cell wall composition

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29
Q

Gram positive bacteria

A

bacteria retain the initial violet stain when rinsed with alcohol
Positive Purple!

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30
Q

Gram negative bacteria

A

Bacteria bleach out and stain PINK when rinsed with alcohol

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31
Q

Cyanobacteria are also called

A

blue-green algae

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32
Q

Cyanobacteria(blue-green algae) can be found

A

in almost any environment(lakes, streams, soil, snow, oceans, rocks, ice, deserts, and hot springs)

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33
Q

Eubacteria usually have cell walls that contain at least one layer of

A

peptideglycan: a polysaccharide in which the glucose mlcls contain nitrogen

34
Q

2 kingdoms of bacteria

A

archaea and bacteria

35
Q

which structure is used to transfer DNA from one bacterium to another

A

pilus

36
Q

The only unifying characteristics in Kingdom Protista is

A

that all members are eukaryotic

37
Q

The 6 kingdoms

A

Archaean, bacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, Animalia

38
Q

What is a protist

A

eukaryotic organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungus

39
Q

Members of phylum sacodina may move by protoplasmic extensions called

A

pseudopodia

40
Q

phagocytosis

A

occurs when food is engulfed by amoeba

41
Q

The organisms in Phylum Ciliaphora are characterized by having hairlike projections that are used for motion and getting food. Those projections are called:

A

Cilia

42
Q

The parasite that causes malaria in the phylum Sporozoa

A

plasmodium

43
Q

Phylum Pyrrophyta contains many members that luminesce when they are disturbed. The organisms are:

A

Dinoflagettes

44
Q

These organisms store oil and it is thought that much of our present undersea oil reserves may represent their accumulation over millions of years on the ocean floor.

A

diatoms

45
Q

____include the largest of seaweeds (the kelp) that may grown in 300 feet length

A

Phylum Phaeophyta- brown algae

46
Q

Asexual reproduction in Volvox occurs through the formation of:

A

daughter colonies

47
Q

A ______algae attaches to a solid surface using 
an adhesive holdfast, from which a stem-like stipe extends

A

brown

48
Q

Members of ___________ contain two accessory pigments that are used in photosynthesis: phycoerythrin (red) and phycocyanin (blue). These pigments allow the organisms to capture light rays that penetrate deep into water. This allows these organisms to live in very deep water.

A

red algae

49
Q

Radiolaria shells are composed of

A

silica

50
Q

Green alage can be found in what forms

A

unicellular, colonial, and multicellular forms

51
Q

Volvox colonies consits of as many as _____ cells

A

40,000

52
Q

Kelp grows how many feet in length

A

300 ft

53
Q

Which of the following is found in Paramecium caudatum?

A

oral grove and gullet

54
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense causes?

A

African sleeping sickness

55
Q

Long, whip-like projection used in motility

A

flagellum

56
Q

Centers of starch formation found in green algae

A

pyrenoids

57
Q

Disease found in fish that is caused by parasitic water mold

A

ick

58
Q

“First animals”

A

protozoans

59
Q

Thin, clear, non-granular layer of protoplasm found in amoeba

A

ectoplasm

60
Q

“False feet” used by amoeba for movement and obtaining food

A

pseudopodia

61
Q

Hair-like projections used for locomotion and obtaining food

A

cilia

62
Q

Stiff outer covering found around ciliates

A

pellicle

63
Q

Cellular slime molds congregate in a single mass and form a rounded ___________________.

A

sporangium

64
Q

Red algae contain two accessory photosynthetic pigments: ____________________________ and _______________________.

A

phycoerythrin and phycocyanin

65
Q

Brown algae attaches to solid surfaces by means of an adhesive

A

holdfast

66
Q

___________________ is one of the most commonly found green algae.

A

protococcus

67
Q

_________________________ _________________ is composed of diatoms and is used in toothpaste.

A

diatomaceous earth

68
Q

Gymnodinium sp. and Gonyaulax sp. are responsible for ________________ _________________, which cause massive fish kills.

A

red tides

69
Q

Organisms in kingdom fungi are

A

eukaryotic

70
Q

fungi cell walls are made of

A

chitin

71
Q

imperfect fungi are imperfect because

A

they appear to lack a sexual stage

72
Q

mutualism

A

both partners benefit

73
Q

commensalism

A

one partner benefits while one is unaffected

74
Q

parasitism

A

one partner is harmed while the other benefits

75
Q

Lichens are made up of a combination of

A

algae and fungus

76
Q

Fungi have to feed themselves by breaking down dead organisms. This makes them:

A

Saprophytes

77
Q

Lichens 3 basic body types

A

Crustose-hard flatforms like stains on a rock
Foliose-more leaf-like and resembles peeling paint
Fruiticose- branching structures are usually erratic

78
Q

Fungi have no morphological differences that can be designated as male and female. Fungi, therefore, are divided into two mating types based on the interaction of cell surface components. How are the mating types designated? _________ and ________.

A

Plus and Minus

79
Q

mycelium

A

twisted mass of hyphae

80
Q

Sac fungi and their reproductive form

A
  • Yeast, mildews, and truffles

- reproduce by spores and budding

81
Q

Club fungi and their reproductive forms

A
  • Mushrooms, bracket, fungi, and puff balls

- reproduce by mushrooms

82
Q

Threadlike fungi and their reproductive forms

A
  • black molds

- sporamgium and spores

Biology 1407 (4 decks)

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