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Bio lab exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cyanobacteria

A

Blue-green algae
Photosynthetic containing chlorophyll
Prokaryotic
Phycocyanin aka blue pigment

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2
Q

Phycocyanin

A

Blue pigment

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3
Q

Examples of Cyanobacteria

A

Gloeocapsa
Oscillatoria
Nostoc

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4
Q

Gloeocapsa

A

Gelatinous sheath, colonies

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5
Q

Oscillatoria

A

Filamentous

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6
Q

Nostoc

A

Heterocysts (larger empty cells), gelatinous sheath

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7
Q

Habitat of Cyanobacteria

A

Tidal marches, soil surface, caves, hot springs, ponds, lakes, rivers

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8
Q

Body type of Cyanobacteria

A

Most are filamentous some form loose colonies and some are unicellular

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9
Q

Distribution of Cyanobacteria

A

Mostly oceans and brackish waters

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10
Q

Motility of Cyanobacteria?

A

No

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11
Q

Body type of Gloeocapsa

A

Filamentous

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12
Q

Shape of Gloeocapsa

A

Spherical

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13
Q

Oscillatoria

A

Filaments

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14
Q

Nostoc

A

Thick walls aka heterocysts
Ball shaped colonies

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15
Q

Phylum chlorophyll
Green algae

A

Larger group
All eukaryotic
Aka pond scum

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16
Q

Examples of green algae

A

Oedogonium
Clostridium
Desmids
Volvox

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17
Q

Oedogonium

A

Holdfast cell which looks like a suction cup at end

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18
Q

Closterium

A

Central constriction

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19
Q

Desmids

A

Single celled freshwater algae group

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20
Q

Volvox

A

Colony type

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21
Q

Distribution of green algae

A

Mostly fresh waters

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22
Q

Habitat of green algae

A

Floaters in the plankton of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and creeks

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23
Q

Motility of green algae?

A

By flagella when present

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24
Q

Body types of green algae?

A

Single cells, filaments, and colonies

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25
Q

Value of green algae?

A

Important source of oxygen and food for aquatic organisms

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26
Q

Filaments on Oedogonium

A

Unbranched filaments

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27
Q

Shape of the Desmid, closterium

A

Boomerang, curved
Symmetrical
Central constriction

28
Q

Observations of volvox

A

Looks like a soccer ball
Has many colonies

29
Q

Phylum Chrysophyia
Yellow-green, golden-brown, and diatoms

A

Single celled
Glassy shell made of silicon and pectin
Diatomaceous earth
Pennate and centric shaped

30
Q

Pennate

A

Rectangular shaped
Fresh water

31
Q

Centric

A

Round and triangular shaped
Marine water

32
Q

Habitat of diatoms

A

Plankton of the seas and fresh waters, also found on soil surface

33
Q

Motility of diatoms?

A

A gliding motion is present in some forms

34
Q

Body types of diatoms

A

Mainly unicellular cells may be Pennate or centric

35
Q

Value of diatoms

A

Extremely valuable they are the principal primary food producers of the sea, skeletal fossils are mined as diatomaceous earth

36
Q

Synedra observations

A

Freshwater
Rectangular aka pennate

37
Q

Cyclotella observations

A

Marine water
Round, triangular centric

38
Q

Phylum phaeophyta
Brown algae

A

Marine waters
Cooler seas
Fucoxanthin- brown color
Kelps

39
Q

Fucoxanthin

A

Brown color

40
Q

Examples of brown algae

A

Laminaria- holdfast stipe and blade
Fucus- air bladder
Sargassum- air bladder

41
Q

Habitat of brown algae

A

Attached to rocks of the shoreline

42
Q

Motility of brown algae?

A

Flagellated cells in reproductive stage

43
Q

Body types of brown algae

A

Range from microscopic filaments to large shrub like plants with broad leathery blades

44
Q

Value of brown algae

A

Soil fertilizer also used as an additive to commercial products

45
Q

Laminaria observations

A

Holdfast
Stipe like a stem
Blade aka leaf part
Kelp
Looks like leaves

46
Q

Fucus observations

A

Has air bladders at ends
Like ballons at ends

47
Q

Sargassum

A

Has air bladders
Looks like seaweed
A long thing

48
Q

Phylum rhodophyta
Red algae

A

Marine
Warmer waters
Phycoerythrin- red pigment
Phycocyanin- blue pigment
Agar
Feathery and lacy

49
Q

Examples of red algae

A

Acrochaetium
Bactrachospermum

50
Q

Habitat of red algae

A

Attached to rocks in deep calm waters

51
Q

Motility of red algae?

52
Q

Body types of red algae

A

Filaments or leaf like parts that form delicate, branched, membranous or freshly plants

53
Q

Value of red algae

A

Source of carrageenan widely used commercially for its gelling properties source of agar

54
Q

What are the roles in nature of bacteria? Bad and good

A

Recycling of dead organisms
Normal flora
Used in production of foods like some cheeses, buttermilk, yogurt
Disease agents

55
Q

Bacteria info

A

Unicellular, prokaryotic cells
Reproduce asexually by binary fission
Groups that come from a single cell are called colonies

56
Q

What are the three basic shapes of bacteria

A

Bacillus- rods
Coccus- spheres
Spirillum- spiral shapes

57
Q

Bacteria flagella

A

Tail like projections that function for locomotion

58
Q

Bacteria spore

A

Heavy protective coat
Spores can survive in non-ideal conditions and form vegetative cells until conditions improve

59
Q

Bacteria capsules

A

Secreted polysaccharides that surround the outer cell wall
Virulent

60
Q

Fungi

A

Multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs
Secrete digestive juices into environment
Decompose dead plant and animal matter
Used in the production of foods like yeast
Used in the production of antibiotics

61
Q

Yeast

A

Unicellular, used in baking, brewing and wine making

62
Q

Fungi class zygomycetes

A

Rhizopus
Saprolegnia

63
Q

Fungi class ascomycetes

A

Penicillium
Yeast
Morel
Aspergillus

64
Q

Fungi class basidiomycetes

A

Mushrooms
Coral fungus
Bracket fungus
Puffballs

65
Q

Lichens

A

Symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an algae
Fungus- provides protection and water
Algae- provides food

66
Q

Examples of lichens

A

Crustose- crusty
Fruticose- shrubby
Foliose- leafy

Bio Lab (2 decks)

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