Bio Lab Exam Flashcards
What is a discrete random variable?
Whole number or integer
What is a continuous random variable?
Any possible number
What is a quantitive measurement?
Described by numbers
What is a qualititave measurment?
Described without using numbers
What is Accuracy?
How close a set of measurements is to a known or true value
What is Precision?
How close the measurements in a data set are to each other.
How to calculate Percent error?
|experimental value- True value|
True value x 100
What is a solution?
The mixture
What is a solute?
A substance dissolved
What is the solvent?
The liquid
What is an aqueous solution?
Any solution where water is the solvent
What is the Concentration of a solution?
The amount of solute per volume of solution
What does Molarity represent?
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution
What is the Formula Weight?
The number of grams are equivalent to one mole of the solute
How to calculate dry solute needed?
g= grams/moles x moles/liters x liters
If you have a formula weight of 158.04 g/mol, how many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 1 L of a 2M solution?
316.08 grams
If you have a formula weight of 158.04g/mol, how many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 350 mL of a 0.75M of a solution?
41.49 grams
What is a dilution?
Made of an existing solution to create one with a lower concentration of solute
What are the two kinds of dilution methods?
Parrallel and Serial
How to calculate a parallel dilution?
starting concentration x volume of starting = concentration desired x volume desired (C1V1=C2V2)
How do you know to use a serial dilution or a parallel dilution?
Use a serial dilution if you are making several dilutions that share a common dilution factor, or if a single desired dillution has a much smaller concentration than the starting solution
What is an Independent variable?
Things that are altered in an expierement
What is the Dependent variable?
What is measured in the expierement
Is a low PH acidic or basic?
Acidic
Is a high PH acidic or basic?
Basic
[H+] = 1 x 10^-3 M is what pH?
3
What are the 4 things all cells have?
DNA, Plasma membrane, Cytosol, Ribosomes
What is a Heterotroph?
Cannot make their own food, must consume food from the outside world
What is an Autotroph?
Can make their own food
What are the 3 Domains?
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
What are the 4 types of Eukaryotic organisms in domain Eukarya?
Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals
What is Diffusion?
The net movement of atoms or molecules as the result of constant random motion
What is the Concentration Gradient?
Moving from high concentration to a low concentration
What are the 3 things that effect diffusion rate?
Size, Temperature, The medium through which the diffusion is occuring
How does size effect diffusion?
Small atoms and molecules diffuse faster than larger ones
How does temperature effect diffusion?
Heat increases diffusion rate
How does the medium effect diffusion?
Gas moves the fastest, Liquid moves next fastest, Sold moves the slowest
What is Osmosis?
The diffusion of water across the membrane
What is simple diffusion?
Diffusion that doesn’t need assisstance
What can go through simple diffusion?
Gases and small lipids (Small nonpolar molecules)
What has a hard time passing through the membrane?
Ions, Small polar molecules, and Large molecules
What does isotopic mean?
the same on both sides
What does Hypertonic mean?
The outside of the cell has a higher concentration than the inside of the cell
What does Hypotonic mean?
The outside of the cell has a lower concentration than the inside of the cell
What is movement?
all directions all the time
