Bio Lab 5

Question 1

what’s a protists

Answer 1

Eukaryotic, with their cells divided up into compartments by internal membranes

Question 2

where are they commonly found

Answer 2

protists can be found living in sediments, attached to surfaces, or suspended in the water column as part of the plankton

Question 3

what are the cell walls made of

Answer 3

cellulose, silica, compounds, or calcium carbonate, many protest lack of a cell wall altogether

Question 4

what do they use to prevent from bursting without a cell wall

Answer 4

Contractile vacuoles

Question 5

When did protists first appear on fossil record

Answer 5

1.5 billion years ago

Question 6

what are autotrophs

Answer 6

organisms that produce their own food

Question 7

are most autotrophs chemosynthetic or photosynthesis

Answer 7

photosynthetic

Question 8

what are phytoplankton and where are they found

Answer 8

phytoplankton are photosynthetic unicellular organisms. they are commonly found in oceans and are mostly concentrated to the surface where they can get enough light

Question 9

photosynthesis formula

Answer 9

water + Corbon dioxide + solar energy = glucose + oxygen
or
H2O + CO2 + Solar energy = C6H12O6 + O2

Question 10

Diatoms

Answer 10

they are autotrophs
mostly found in lakes and oceans
they are the earth’s most important primary producers accounting for 25% of earth’s primary production
The cell wall of diatoms is impregnated with silica
they float in water that is mixed well but in water that is not they will sink to the bottom

Question 11

Volvox

Answer 11

Body form: Multicellular
Movement: Cilia
organelles: Chloroplasts
Nutrition: free-living autotrophic
Daughter cell vs. a vegetative cell

Question 12

Euglena

Answer 12

Body form: unicellular
Outer covering: plasma membrane
Movement: flagella
organelles; nucleus, mitochondria, Eeyespot
contractile vacuoles
Nutrition: free living, autotrophic, can sometimes be heterotrophic, mixatroph

Question 13

what are heterotrophs

Answer 13

sometimes called protozoans, they get their food by ingesting it. they form food vacuoles around their food.

Question 14

what is a niche

Answer 14

the function or role of an organism in an ecosystem

Question 15

Amoeba

Answer 15

Body Form: unicellular
butter covering: Plasma membrane with internal silica skeleton
Movement: pseudopodia
organelles: nucleus miticondia, contractile vacuoles, food vacuoles
nutrition: feeding by engulfing food using pseudopodia, heterotroph

Question 16

Paramecium

Answer 16

the paramecium moves via the cilia, the oral groove sweeps food into the gullet. the food vacuoles then form. the paramecium has a micronucleus that is only involved in the process of sexual reproduction. the micronucleus is a polyploid that contains many copies of the organism’s genome.

Question 17

Foraminifera

Answer 17

they are unicellular
have a caco3 shell
the shell is porous
it moves via pseudopodia

Question 18

saprolegnia

Answer 18

their cell wall is made of cellulose instead of chitin
during sexual reproduction oogonia form at the tips of some hyphae and produce eggs. Antheridia, which produces sperm. fertilization produces thick-walled zygotes or oospores.
asexual reproduction produces motile zoospores, which can spread the mold to new areas.

zoosporangium = mitosis
Oogonium = Meiosis

Question 19

Trypanosoma

Answer 19

a parasite, so it has to have a host
causes African sleeping sickness

Question 20

Plasmodium

Answer 20

a parasite, causes malaria