bio final Flashcards
what is photosynthesis?
the conversion of light energy to chemical energy
what is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs
autotrophs produce their own food
heterotrophs feed off other organisms
why are plants autotrophs
Plants are called autotrophs because they use the energy of sunlight to store energy in food (glucose and starch). They are not dependent on other organisms for energy and instead directly obtain it from sunlight.
what is the chemical formula for photosynthesis
6Co2 +6H2O+ light energy———C6H12O6 +6Co2
what is a redox reaction
reaction involving complete or partial transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another (oxidation reduction reactions)
what are the two stages of photosynthesis
light reactions and calvin cycle
what happens during light reactions
converts solar energy to chemical energy
what are the 2 photosystems and what occurs in each?
Photosystem 2: it captures photons and uses the energy to extract electrons from water molecules
Photosystem 1: Responsible for the precise arrangement of cofactors and determining redox properties of electron transfer centers
what is the calvin cycle
cyclic electron flow
what does rubisco do
rubisco binds to 02 and uses atp, is needed to start the calvin cycle by producing phosphoglycerate
what is the purpose of cellular respiration
to make energy or atp for the cell
what is the function of an etc
to release energy and make atp
what are the three stages of cellular respiration.
glycolisis-occurs in cytosol and splits glucose not 2 pyruvates
Krebs cycle/citric acid cycle- occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and turns acetyl COA into citrate: releases co2, atp synthesized and electrons and electrons transferred to NADH and FADH2
ETC- located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, collection of proteins, turns ATPmakes atp from ADP
what is fermentation
: an extension of glycolisis
