bio final

Question 1

what are the 3 basic components of an atom and where is each located, what charge does it have and what is the mass

Answer 1

proton; located in the nucleus, charge: +1, neutron: charge 1, electron: located; around nucleus, charge -1

Question 2

what is a valence electron

Answer 2

electron with the highest ennergy principal level

Question 3

what are some properties of hydrogen bonding

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds: holds substance together, when water is removed it forms a bond when added breaks a bond

Question 4

what is a species

Answer 4

a group of individuals that can breed each other and prouce fertile offspring

Question 5

distinguishing factor of a Eubacteria

Answer 5

must abundant organisms on earth

Question 6

distinguishing factor of a archeabacteria

Answer 6

inhabit some of the most ectreme enviroments on earth

Question 7

distinguishing factor of a protista

Answer 7

dicerse and multicellular

Question 8

distinguishing factor of a plantae

Answer 8

eukaryotes and are multicellulr

Question 9

distinguishing factor of a animalla

Answer 9

heterotrophic, eukaryotes, and multicellular

Question 10

how di pesticides demonstrate evidence for natural selection

Answer 10

show evidence of evolution of favorable traits over the course of many generations

Question 11

what are 5 agents of evolutinary change

Answer 11

genetic drift, nonrandom mating, mutation, migration, and selection

Question 12

how does sickle cell relate to malaria

Answer 12

Malaria is a sickle celled disease: if you are homozygous dominant, you can die from malaria. If you are homozygous ressecive you can die from sickle cell anemia. ppl who are heterozygous for the sickle-cell allele have an advantage because they are free from both but are carriers. When having offspring they can have homozygous offspring while being carriers.

Question 13

why do allele frequencies change over time
- genetic drift

Answer 13

random loss of slleles, can be small group going to a new location or decrease in population bc of natural forces

Question 14

why do allele frequencies change over time
- nonrandom mating

Answer 14

not by chance, inbreeding with relaties & outbreeding with non-relatives

Question 15

why do allele frequencies change over time
- mutation

Answer 15

errors in DNA replication, source of new varation

Question 16

why do allele frequencies change over time
- migration

Answer 16

movement of individuals from one population to another

Question 17

why do allele frequencies change over time
- selection

Answer 17

artifical where breeder selects desirable traits, natural where enviroment selects for adapted characteristics

Question 18

what are the three kinds of natural selection
- stabilizing selection

Answer 18

pressure work against the extremes of a trait so the middle is selected

Question 19

what are the three kinds of natural selection
- disruptive selection

Answer 19

pressures work in favor of both extremes but against the middle

Question 20

what are the three kinds of natural selection
- directinal selection

Answer 20

pressures work in favor of one extreme

Question 21

this structure is a specialized pore that allows for gas exchange in a plant

Answer 21

stomata

Question 22

how does a sporophyte differ from a gametophyte

Answer 22

a sporophyte is the diploid cells while the gametophytes are haploid cells

Question 23

nonvascular plants that lack a vascular system are called

Answer 23

bryophytes

Question 24

what are the 2 vascular tissues found in plants

Answer 24

Xylem and phloem

Question 25

what are some distinctive differences between monocots and dicots

Answer 25

monocots have 1 seed leaf, fibrous roots, scattered vascular bundles in their stems, parallel, narroe, long leaves, and come in bundles of 3. Dicots hade 2 seed leaves, tap roots, vascular bundles in a ring arrangment, thinck, big leaves for a larger surface area to volume ratio, and have 4-5 flower parts.