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Biology > BIO FINAL > Flashcards

BIO FINAL Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How are Macros constructed

A

Monomers build polymers

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2
Q

A sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

A

Nucleic Acid

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3
Q

Simple sugars make

A

starch and glycogen

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4
Q

aa makes

A

polypeptide (Protein)

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5
Q

Nucleotides make

A

DNA/RNAm

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6
Q

proteins like enzymes

A

Speeds up chemical reactions

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7
Q

Lipids like fats

A

store long term energy

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8
Q

Carbs like glycogen

A

Short term energy

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9
Q

Nucleic acids like DNA

A

Store & transmit genetic information

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10
Q

Proteins like keratin

A

Build body structures like hair

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11
Q

Carbs like starch

A

energy in plants

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12
Q

Why does ice float on water?

A

Ice is less dense than water

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13
Q

Adhesion

A

Molecules sticking to other things (By hydro bonds)

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14
Q

Cohesion

A

Molecules sticking to themselves (By hydro bonds)

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15
Q

Why doesn’t water and oil mix?

A

Water is polar, oil is non-polar

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16
Q

Characteristics of life (Hint there’s 8)

A 
Cells
Reproduce
DNA
Growth
Homeostasis
Evolve
Energy
Respond
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17
Q

Tell me about the characteristics of life

A

All living things are made of cells
Reproduce to make more organisms
Grow to get bigger and change
Homeostasis to keep a constant environment
Evolve as a species to change the environment
Energy for metabolizing
Respond to cause a change in next response

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18
Q

Otters maintain body heat by trapping air pockets in their fur which insulates. Harbor seals retain their heat with a layer of fat which also insulates. Why might a sea otter be less likely to be in homeostasis than a hardor seal in an oil spill?

A

The oil causes air pockets to open by bothering the hydro bonds. They won’t be able to hold in heat.

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19
Q

9) Why are these gases able to move in the direction shown in the diagram

A

It diffuses because molecules go from high to low concentration.

20
Q

10) What is this process called?

A

Endocytosis - needs energy

21
Q

What do you think will happen if water had a lower specific heat?

A

Temperatures would change quickly so the earth wouldn’t stay warm in the cold.

22
Q

Why does diffusion happen?

A

Atoms are constantly moving and crashing into each other causing them to spread out.

23
Q

What is osmosis and what causes it to happen?

A

The diffusion of water causes it to go from high to low concentration

24
Q

14) What is going on?

A

Active transport

25
Q

Polarity in water, why is it that way?

A

Unequal distribution of electrons in water makes the oxygen neg. H is pos which causes attractions in hydro bonds.

26
Q

34) Based on this info, what will happen?

A

The protein will change because the amino acid has changed

27
Q

A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes mitosis twice, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

A

2

28
Q

What is the result of a fertilized egg?

A

Restores the diploid number

29
Q

Advantages of asexual

A

Less energy in the nuclei, it’s faster, don’t need a mate.

30
Q

38)

A

B D A C

31
Q

25) whats going on?

A

Meiosis

32
Q

26) What’s the order?

A 
Anaphase
Interphase
Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
Remember: A I M P T  aimpit
33
Q

27)

A

Mitosis

34
Q

Diploid Me or Mi?

A

Mitosis

35
Q

Simple to Difficult in cellular organization

A

Cell - Tissue - organ - organ system - organism

36
Q

30)

A

Gene

37
Q

31)

A

Meiosis

38
Q

32)

A

Crossing over

39
Q

33)

A

If the DNA is Messed up, you lose proteins.

40
Q

(18

A

The tails are fatty acids and hydrophobic

41
Q

19)

A 
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
CHONP P is missing, These are ammion acids so the student is wrong.
42
Q

Draw: Interpahse (G1, S, G2) Mitosis, (PMAT) & cytokinesis.

A

20) check

43
Q

Compare MI and ME

A

Both start diploid, have cytokinesis, and do division.
MI: Ends with 2 cells, Identical, Makes body cells.
ME: Ends with 4 cells, different, makes gametes

44
Q

Skin cells divide by how?

A

Mitosis

45
Q

How many cells are made by the end of MI

A

2

46
Q

Crossing over happens during…

And what happens in this process?

A

Prophase 1 of meiosis

Homo chromosomes exchange genetic info.

Biology (4 decks)

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