Bio Exam 2 (Chapter 7) Flashcards
What is the structure of the cell membrane?
fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins
What is the function of the membrane?
exhibit selective permeability and maintenance of a steady state (homeostasis)
What contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts?
Membrane proteins (amphipathic)
What kind of membrane protein are bound to the surface of the membrane?
Peripheral protein
What kind of membrane protein penetrate the hydrophobic core?
Integral proteins
What requires no input of energy and may require transport proteins?
Passive Transport
What is is the movement of particles of any substance so that they spread out evenly into the available space?
Diffusion
What is the diffusion of water across membrane?
Osmosis
What is the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water?
Tonicity
A solution is _____ if it solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell?
isotonic
A solution is _______ if the solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell, cell will shrivel and lose water
hypertonic
A solution is ______ if the solute concentration is less than that inside the cell, net diffusion of water is from the surrounding solution to the inside of the cell, cells without cell walls will burst
hypotnic
When transport proteins speed the passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane
Facilitated Diffusion
What provides corridor that allow a specific molecule or ion to cross the membrane
Channel proteins
What are channel proteins that facilitate the movement of water
Aquaporins
What facilitate the transport of ions?
Ion channels
requires energy and a transport protein
Active transport
All proteins involved in active transport are what type of protein?
Carrier protein
What is the voltage across a membrane?
Membrane potential
What is the difference in charge of a membrane that consists of a chemical and electrical gradient?
Electrochemical gradient
What transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane, storing energy that can be used for cellular work
Electrogenic pump
Types of bulk transport?
Exocytosis or endocytosis
In what bulk transport do transport vesicles migrate to the membrane, fuse with it, and release their contents outside the cell
Exocytosis
In what bulk transport are macromolecules taken into the cell in vesicles
endocytosis
Cellular eating?
Phagocytosis
Cellular drinking
Pinocytosis
