Bio Class 1 Flashcards
Sucrose (Monosaccharides)
Glucose + Fructose
Lactose (Monosaccharides)
Glucose + Galactose
Maltose (Monosaccharides)
Glucose + Glucose
3 Polysaccharides
- Glycogen
- Starch
- Cellulose
Glycogen
High degree of branching, every 8-10 residues. Chain length in the thousands. Alpha linkages. Stored in the liver for energy.
Starch (2 Types)
Branching every 20 to 30 residues. Two types are Amylose (15-30%) and Amylopectin (70-85%)
Amylose vs Amylopectin Branching
Amylose is unbranched
Amylopectin is branched
How many isoprene units do you need to make a terpene?
2 isoprene units
Squalene has how many isoprene units? How many terpenes does it have?
6 isoprene units
3 terpene units
Cholesterol
3 six-carbon rings + five-carbon ring. In the cell membrane (50%) it is used to stabilize the membrane.
low temps - increase fluidity
high temps -decreases fluidity
Exergonic vs Endergonic
Ex- negative Gibbs free energy
En- positive Gibbs free energy
Competitive Inhibition
Binds at: active site
effect on Vmax: same
effect on Km: increase
Lineweavor-Burk Plot (LBP)
Y-axis - Vmax = 1/Vmax
X-axis - Km = 1/ Km
Competitive Inhibitor (LBP)
1/ Vmax doesn’t change. No change in the Y- intercept. There is a change in 1/Km which is the X- intercept. Reversible
Non-competitive Inhibitors (LBP)
Would show a change in the Y-intercept but not in the X- intercept. Irreversible
Uncompetitive Inhibitor (LBP)
Would change in the Y-intercept and the X-intercept but not in the slope of the line
Acts by binding the enzyme-substrate complex. Both Km and Vmax are decreased with increasing inhibitor concentration.
Mixed Inhibitor (LBP)
Results in changes in slope, X- and Y- intercept of the line
Blood Brain Barrier
Hydrophobic molecules pass easily and would have no difficulty passing through the blood brain barrier.
Carbonyls and tertiary amines are polar and would be a problem for the blood brain barrier. Charged groups like ammonium would cause more of a problem and is thus the main problem in crossing the barrier
In which situation would an acetylcholinesterase inhibiting drug be used therapeutically.
An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor would be used therapeutically when the post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors are blocked by another molecule. Increased levels of acetylcholine in the synapse with make up for the loss of post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors.
